Primary Care Interventions

• Health education and information on prevention and treatment of meningitis

• Chemoprophylaxis for close contacts
• Vaccination: pneumococcal conjugate
• Vaccination: haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
• Vaccination: meningococcal

• Antibiotic treatment
• Immediate transfer to a higher-level health care facility

• Health education and information on prevention and treatment of meningitis

• Chemoprophylaxis for close contacts
• Vaccination: pneumococcal conjugate
• Vaccination: haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
• Vaccination: meningococcal

• Antibiotic treatment
• Immediate transfer to a higher-level health care facility

• Health education and information on prevention and treatment of meningitis

• Chemoprophylaxis for close contacts
• Vaccination: pneumococcal conjugate
• Vaccination: haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
• Vaccination: meningococcal

• Antibiotic treatment
• Immediate transfer to a higher-level health care facility

• Health education and information on prevention and treatment of meningitis

• Chemoprophylaxis for close contacts
• Vaccination: pneumococcal conjugate
• Vaccination: haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
• Vaccination: meningococcal

• Antibiotic treatment
• Immediate transfer to a higher-level health care facility

• Awareness campaign on causes, signs and symptoms of meningitis including prevention measures (IPC)
• Distribution of IEC materials
• Mobilisation for routine immunisation

Oral antimicrobials chemoprophylaxis for contacts Vaccination: meningococcal"

History and physical examination for meningitis Clinical assessment for early recognition of the need for referral Basic laboratory tests

• Health workers education/sensitization on meningitis, prevention and management in the elderly persons.
• Create awareness to elderly persons and their families on meningitis and prevention measures
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living for the elderly persons
• Guidance on good nutrition for the elderly
• Promote good hygiene practices including hand hygiene for the elderly

• Post exposure prophylaxis for elderly persons in close contacts with someone with N.meningitidis
• Chemo prophylaxis for elderly persons living in a household with one or more unvaccinated children younger than 48 months.

• Clinical examination and recognition of signs and symptoms (features) of meningitis in elderly persons including neck stiffness, neck and/or back pain, headache and feverThe priority at this level
• Urgent transfer to hospital is not possible (antibiotics should be given to any person with suspected bacterial meningitis)
• Emergency care with an aim of stabilizing the elderly person with meningitis before referral
• Emergency transfer of elderly persons suspected to have bacterial meningitis to a hopsital
• Administration of antibiotics to elderly person with meningitis if
• Supportive therapy to elderly person with meningitis as - use anti pyretics for fever - Use of analgesics for aches/pains - Physical examination

• Strengthen mothers, families and community-based awareness on whooping cough including transmission and prevention measures
• Create knowledge among mothers, family members and communities on importance of vaccination and the vaccination schedule
• Knowledge on the importance of timely uptake of vaccine dose
• Awareness on good hygiene practices
• Strengthen maternal knowledge on good nutrition
• Strengthen health workers knowledge on whooping cough

• Vaccination of pregnant women/One Tdap vaccine during the third trimester of every pregnancy

• Phyisical and Clinical examination
• Emergency care for pregnant women - stabilize and refer
• Immediate referral to hospital
• Supportive management if immediate referral is not feasible

• Health education and information to parents, families on immunization including vaccination schedule

• Pertussis-containing vaccination
• Chemoprophylaxis to contacts
• Vitamin A supplementation

• Antipyretics
• Hydration
• Nutritional support
• Vitamin A
• Immediate transfer of unresponsive or sever cases to a higher-level health care facility

• Health education and information to parents, families on immunization including vaccination schedule

• Pertussis-containing vaccination
• Chemoprophylaxis to contacts
• Vitamin A supplementation

• Antipyretics
• Hydration
• Nutritional support
• Vitamin A
• Immediate transfer of unresponsive or sever cases to a higher-level health care facility

• Strengthen, adolescents, families and community-based awareness on whooping cough including prevention measures
• Create knowledge among family members and communities on importance of vaccination and the vaccination schedule
• Knowledge on the importance of timely uptake of vaccine dose
• Guidance on hygiene for adolescents and adults
• Information on good nutrition
• Strengthen workers knowledge on whooping cough

• Vaccination-One dose of Tdap for adults who have never received the vaccine
• Post exposure prophylaxis for close contacts

• Good hygiene practices including hand hygiene
• Avoiding close contact with people with whooping cough
• Cough and sneezing etiquette
• Community Reporting systems on whopping cough

• Physical and Clinical examination
• Outpatient care
• Administration of antibiotics
• Supportive management
• Monitor for any complications
• Emergency care with an aim of stabilising before referral
• Referral to hospital for Management of any complications e.g rib fracture, syncope, abdominal hernia

• Strengthen families and community-based awareness on whooping cough including prevention measures
• Strengthen health workers knowledge on whooping cough
• Knowledge on the importance of timely uptake of vaccine dose
• Guidance on hygiene for adults
• Guidance on good nutrition
• Create knowledge among family members and communities on importance of vaccination and the vaccination schedule

• Vaccination
• One dose of Tdap for adults who have never received the vaccine
• Post exposure prophylaxis for close contacts
• Practicing proper hygiene including hand hygiene
• Avoiding close contact with people with whooping cough
• Cough and sneezing etiquette
• Community Reporting systems on whopping cough

• Clinical examination
• Administration of antibiotics
• Supportive management
• Monitor for any complications
• Referral to hospital for Management of any complications e.g rib fracture, syncope, abdominal hernia

• Strengthen families and community-based awareness on whooping cough including prevention measures
• Create knowledge among family members and communities on importance of vaccination and the vaccination schedule
• Knowledge on the importance of timely uptake of vaccine dose
• Guidance on hygiene for the elderly
• Strengthen health workers knowledge on whooping cough

• Vaccination

• Tdap

• Post exposure prophylaxis for close contacts

• Clinical examination
• Administration of antibiotics
• Supportive management
• Monitor for any complications
• Physical & Clinical examination
• Referral to hospital for Management of any complications e.g Rib fracture, syncope, abdominal hernia

• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g.dogs (rabies)
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living
• Awareness on good nutrition
• Provision of IEC materials
• Raining/sensitizing health workforce

• Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)
• Parasites such as Ticks control

• Physical examination/Clinical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: - Bed rest - Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids
• Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs
• Management of fever using anti pyretics
• Management if pain with analgesisc
• Suction to remove secretions
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions
• Urgent referral of a pregnant woman suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy livingAwareness on good nutrition
• Provision of IEC materials
• Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g.dogs (rabies)
• Training/sensitizing health workforce

• Childhood vaccinations against diseases -measles, mumps, rubella
• Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)
• Parasites such as Ticks control

• Clinical examination/Physical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including;
• Bed rest
• Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids
• Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs
• Management of fever using anti pyretics
• Management if pain with analgesisc
• Suction to remove secretions
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g.lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions
• Urgent referral of a child suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living
• Awareness on good nutrition
• Provision of IEC materials
• Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies)
• Training/sensitizing health workforce

• Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)
• Parasites such as Ticks control

• Clinical examination/Physical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including:
• Bed rest
• Fluids therapy /Plenty of fluids
• Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Management of fever using anti pyretics
• Management if pain with analgesisc
• Suction to remove secretions
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions
• Urgent referral of a child suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living
• Awareness on good nutrition
• Provision of IEC materials
• Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs rabies)
• Training/sensitizing health workforce

• Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)Parasites such as Ticks control

• Clinical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including:
• Bed rest
• Fluids therapy /Plenty of fluids
• Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs
• Management of fever using anti pyretics
• Management if pain with analgesisc
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions
• Health workers education on first line management
• Referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living
• Awareness on good nutrition
• Provision of IEC materials
• Awareness /education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies)
• Training/sensitizing health workforce

• Vectors mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)
• Parasites such as Ticks control

• Clinical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including:
• Bed rest
• Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids
• Management of fever using anti pyretics
• Management if pain with analgesisc
• Suction to remove secretions
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy; unconsciousness; convulsions
• Referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies)
• Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures
• Information on the importance of immunization for children
• Information/creation of awareness on healthy living
• Training/sensitizing health workforceAwareness on good nutritionProvision of IEC materials
• Training/sensitizing health workforce

• Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)
• Parasites such as Ticks control

• Clinical examination
• Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including:
  • Bed rest
  • Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids
  • Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs
  • Management of fever using anti pyretics
  • Management if pain with analgesisc
  • Suction to remove secretions
• Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy; unconsciousness; convulsions
• Urgent referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital

• Information and health education to women/mothers,families and community on measles and prevention measures
• Provide Information on Good nutrition
• Educate mothers on well baby clinics
• Strengthen community based awareness on knowledge of vaccination schedule
• Importance of timely uptake of vaccine dose
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on measles and its management in pregnant women and newborn

• ANC services
• Post-natal care services
• Contact tracing
• Quarantine for contacts
• Isolation for the mothers with measles to contain the spread

• Clinical examination and diagnosis of measles in pregnant women whose features include,
• fever
• fatigue
• cough
• runny nose
• itchy or red eyes,
• white lesions on the inner cheek) and a raised rash.
• Supportive management for pregnant women with measles including;-
• Provision of plenty of fluids to the pregnant women with measles
• Plenty of rest for the pregnant women with measles
• Proper nutrition for the pregnant women with measles
• Relieve of fever and aches with paracetamol or ibuprofen
• Fetal monitoring
• Monitoring, recognition and management for any features of worsening of measles in pregnant women including;
• Shortness of breath
• Coughing up blood
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Referral to hospitals for mothers with complications due to measles

• Information and health education on VPDs and immunization

• Routine on schedule vaccination
• Vitamin A supplementation

• Antipyretics
• Hydration
• Proper nutrition
• Vitamin A
• Immediate transfer of unresponsive or sever cases to a higher-level health care facility

• Information and health education on VPDs and immunization

• Routine on schedule vaccination
• Vitamin A supplementation

• Antipyretics
• Hydration
• Proper nutrition
• Vitamin A
• Immediate transfer of unresponsive or sever cases to a higher-level health care facility

• Information to Families and community education on transmission and prevention
• Community education on proper nutrition
• Proper sanitation
• Provision of IEC materials
• Promoting proper planning especially in urban areas to avoid over-crowding
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on management of measles in adolescents

• Contact tracing
• Quarantine for contacts
• Isolation for the patients with measles to contain the spread

• Clinical examination and diagnosis of measles in adolescents based on features including cold-like symptoms,such as
• a runny nose,sneezing and a cough
• Sore,red eyes that may be sensitive to light
• Fever
• Small greyish-white spots on the inside of the cheeks
• Watery eyes
• Swollen eyelids
• Body aches and pains
• Investigations;collect samples for lab confirmation and viral detection
• Supportive management for adolescents with measles including;-
• Provision of plenty of fluids to the adolescents
• Proper nutrition for the adolescents with measles
• Encourage the adolescents with measles to rest Relieve fever-administer anti-pyretics when there is fever (paracetamol or brufen)
• Relieve aches/pain with paracetamol or Ibuprofen
• Monitoring and recognition for any features indicating worsening of measles in adolescents and referral. The features include;
• Shortness of breath
• Coughing up blood
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Fits (convulsions)
• Monitor /recognition of complications due to measles in adolescents which include;
• Diarrhea
• Ear infection
• Bronchitis
• Laryngitis (inflammation of the voice box)
• Pneumonia
• Encephalitis (swelling of the brain)
• Croup (inflammation of the airway)
• Emergency care with an aim of stabilizing the adolescents with complications due to measles before referral
• Post exposure vaccination for unvaccinated contacts
• Referral of the adolescents with worsening measles/complications to the hospital

• Information to Families and community education on transmission and prevention
• Community education on;
• proper nutrition
• Proper sanitation
• Promoting proper planning especially in urban areas to avoid over-crowding
• Provision of IEC materials
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on measles including its management

• Contact tracing
• Quarantine for contacts
• Isolation for the patients with measles to contain the spread

• Clinical examination and diagnosis of measles in adults based on key features (signs and symptoms) including cold-like symptoms,such as
• a runny nose,sneezing and a cough
• Sore, red eyes that may be sensitive to light
• Fever
• Small greyish-white spots on the inside of the cheeks
• Watery eyes
• Swollen eyelids
• Body aches and pains
• Supportive management for adults with measles including;
• Provision of plenty of fluids to the adults
• Proper nutrition for the adults with measles
• Encourage the adults with measles to rest
• Relieve fever-administer anti-pyretics when there is fever
• Relieve aches/pain with analgesics
• Monitoring and recognition for any complications/worsening of measles in adults and referral. The features include;
• shortness of breath coughing up blood drowsiness confusion fits (convulsions)
• Emergency care with an aim of stabilizing the adults with complications due to measles before referral
• Referral of adults with measles complications to a hospital post exposure vaccination for unvaccinated contacts

• Information to Families and community education on transmission and prevention
• Community education on;
• proper nutrition
• Proper sanitation
• Provision of IEC materials
• Promoting proper planning especially in urban areas to avoid over-crowding
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on measles including its management

• Contact tracing
• Quarantine for contacts
• Isolation for the patients with measles to contain the spread

• Clinical examination and diagnosis of measles in the elderly based on key features (signs and symptoms) including cold-like symptoms, such as a;
• runny nose,sneezing and a cough
• Sore, red eyes that may be sensitive to light
• Fever
• Small greyish-white spots on the inside of the cheeks
• Watery eyes
• Swollen eyelids
• Body aches and pains
• Supportive management for elderly with measles including;
• Provision of plenty of fluids to the elder5ly
• Relieve fever-administer anti-pyretics when there is fever
• Relieve aches/pain with analgeith measlees
• Encourage the elderly with measles to rest
• Proper nutrition for the elderly with measles
• Monitoring and recognition for any complications/worsening of measles in adults and referral. The features include;
• shortness of breath
• coughing up blood drowsiness
• confusion fits (convulsions)
• Emergency care with an aim of stabilizing the elderly with complications due to measles before referral
• Referral of elderly with measles complications to a hospital post exposure vaccination for unvaccinated elderly persons

• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners
• Education at ANC and CWC on symptoms of STIs and what to do if such symptoms occur

• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners
• Education at ANC and CWC on symptoms of STIs and what to do if such symptoms occur

• Treatment with oral metronidazole or tinidazole
• Treatment of sex partners

• Screening of girls for evidence of sexual abuse
• Investigation of victims of sexual abuse for Trichomoniasis
• Examination and investigation of girls with persistent vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with oral metronidazole or tinidazole
• Treatment of sex partners

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of female adolescents with persistent vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with oral metronidazole or tinidazole
• Treatment of sex partners

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of women with persistent vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with oral metronidazole or tinidazole
• Treatment of sex partners

• Health education
• Create mass awareness on STIs /HIV/AIDs
• Sensitization on comprehensive sexuality education
• Health education on risk factors for STIs /HIV /AIDs
• Social and behavioural change communication
• Promote Condom use
• Promotion of HTS
• Promote early health seeking behaviour
• Promotion of stigma reduction
• Information Education Communication (IEC) materials distribution
• Condom and lubricants demonstration and distribution
• Strengthen health workers knowledge on STIs/HIV/AIDs through trainings
• Training on support for GBV

• Counseling and Testing for HIV of pregnant women Administration of antiretroviral drugs to babies born to HIV positive mothers
• Avoid breastfeeding of babies of HIV positive mothers if feasible
• Avoid mixed feeding of babies of HIV positive mothers
• Perform PCR test of babies of HIV positive mothers between birth and six weeks

• Physical and clinical examination
• Partner notification and expedited treatment for common STIs, /HIV
• Management of opportunistic infections Including :
  
  - Chronic diarrhoea
  - Oral Candidiasis
  - Oesophageal Candidiasis
  - Bacterial infections
  - PCP
  - Toxoplasmosis
  - TB
  - Extra pulmonary.
  - Cytomegalovirus Infection
• Management of TB co-infection
• Syndromic management of STIs
• Combination treatment with antiretroviral drugs of pregnant women who test positive/(after initiation at hospital level)
• Supportive management
  - Nutritional support /Supplements
• Medication refills
• Referral to hospitals for further management

• Social and behavioural change communication for parents
• Community awareness on the risks and prevention of sexual abuse of children

• Primary prevention of HIV in adolescents and women of child bearing ages
• Screen pregnant women for HIV
• Contraceptives
• ARV for HIV positive pregnant women
• ARV prophylaxis to HIV exposed infant

• Antiretroviral therapy
• Opportunistic infection prophylaxis
• Patient follow-up
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring
• Treatment of mild opportunistic infections
• TB/HIV co-infection
• Nutritional support
• Adherence support
• Referral to higher level for advanced HIV infection, severe adverse effects, complications and non-compliance

• Health education and risk reduction counselling to parents

• Screen pregnant women for HIV
• ARV for HIV positive pregnant women
• ARV prophylaxis to HIV exposed infant
• Contraceptives

• First-line antiretroviral therapy
• Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis
• TB preventive therapy
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring
• Treat opportunistic infections
• Treat TB
• Nutritional support
• Adherence support
• Referral to higher level for advanced HIV infection

• Health education and risk reduction counselling

• Provider-initiated HIV testing
• Screening blood for HIV
• Oral PrEP
• Dapivirine vaginal ring
• Injectable long-acting cabotegravir
• Post-exposure prophylaxis
• Treatment of STIs
• Voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC)
• Substance abuse treatment
• Needle exchange program

• First-line antiretroviral therapy
• Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis
• TB preventive therapy
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring
• Treat opportunistic infections
• Treat TB
• Nutritional support
• Adherence support
• Referral to higher level for advanced HIV infection, severe adverse effects, complications and non-compliance

• Social and behavioural change communication
• Health education and risk reduction counselling

• Provider-initiated HIV testing
• Screening blood for HIV
• Oral PrEP
• Dapivirine vaginal ring
• Injectable long-acting cabotegravir
• Post-exposure prophylaxis
• Treatment of STIs
• Voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC)
• Substance abuse treatment
• Needle exchange program

• First-line antiretroviral therapy
• Opportunistic infection prophylaxis
• Patient follow-up
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring
• Treatment of mild opportunistic infections
• TB/HIV co-infection
• Nutritional support
• Adherence support
• Referral to higher level for advanced HIV infection, severe adverse effects, complications and non-compliance

• Create awareness on STIs and HIV/AIDS risk factors and prevention methods
• Social and behavioural change communication for parents
• Mass media to raise awareness on HIV/AIDs and its prevention

• HIV Testing including HIV self-test
• Oral PrEP
• Injectable PrEP
• Post-exposure prophylaxis
• Screening high risk groups for STI and HIV
• Early treatment of STIs

• First-line antiretroviral therapy
• Opportunistic infection prophylaxis
• Patient follow-up
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring
• Treatment of mild opportunistic infections
• TB/HIV co-infection
• Nutritional support
• Adherence support
• Referral to higher level for advanced HIV infection, severe adverse effects, complications and non-compliance

• Nutritional advice for pregnant women

• BCG vaccination at birth
• HIV counselling and Testing for all Pregnant women
• Pregnant women to avoid contact with people with persistent cough
• Investigate pregnant women with persistent cough for TB

• Physical and clinical examination
• Direct Observed Therapy (DOT) to promote adherence to medication
• TB drugs refill
• Sputum collection and specimen referral to labortaories within hospitals
• Sputum smear -acid stain and culture of sputum
• Monitoring of TB complications

• Promote cough etiquette and cough hygiene
• Promote strong TB Infection control measures

• Triage people with presumptive TB for “fast-track” or separation
• Ensure rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment
• Improve room ventilation
• Protect health care workers

• Directly Observed Therapy (DOTs)
• Trace and follow defaulters
• Referral of people with adverse reactions and complications

• Promote cough etiquette and cough hygiene
• Promote strong TB Infection control measures

• Triage people with presumptive TB for “fast-track” or separation
• Ensure rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment
• Improve room ventilation
• Protect health care workers

• Directly Observed Therapy (DOTs)
• Self-administrative therapy (SAT) to those with good adherence
• Referral of people living HIV for regular screening and possible TPT * TB drugs refill for SAT
• Trace and follow up of defaulters
• Referral of people with adverse reactions and complications

• Promote cough etiquette and cough hygiene
• Promote strong TB Infection control measures

• Triage people with presumptive TB for “fast-track” or separation
• Ensure rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment
• Improve room ventilation
• Protect health care workers

• Directly Observed Therapy (DOTs)
• Self-administrative therapy (SAT) to those with good adherence
• Referral of people living HIV for regular screening and possible TPT * TB drugs refill for SAT
• Trace and follow up of defaulters
• Referral of people with adverse reactions and complications

• Promote cough etiquette and cough hygiene
• Promote strong TB Infection control measures

• Triage people with presumptive TB for “fast-track” or separation
• Ensure rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment
• Improve room ventilation
• Protect health care workers
• TB preventive therapy

• Physical and clinical examination
• Confirmation of diagnosis using Chest X-ray and acid fast stain and culture of sputum
• Treatment of confirmed TB cases with anti TB medication using Direct Observed Therapy (DOT )
• Direct Observed Therapy (DOT) to promote adherence to medication
• TB drugs refill
• Sputum collection and specimen referral to labortaories within hospitals
• Sputum smear -acid stain and culture of sputum
• Monitoring of TB complications

• Promote cough etiquette and cough hygiene
• Promote strong TB Infection control measures

• Triage people with presumptive TB for “fast-track” or separation
• Ensure rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment
• Improve room ventilation
• Protect health care workers

• Directly Observed Therapy (DOTs)
• Self-administrative therapy (SAT) to those with good adherence
• Referral of people living HIV for regular screening and possible TPT * TB drugs refill for SAT
• Trace and follow up of defaulters
• Referral of people with adverse reactions and complications

• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners
• VDRL or RPR Testing for all pregnant women
• Pregnant women with positive VDRL or RPR test should have the FTA test

• Safe blood transfusion
• Early syphilis screening and treatment of women

• Antibiotics
• Referral to the next higher level

• Safe blood transfusion
• Early syphilis screening and treatment of women

• Antibiotics
• Referral to the next higher level

• Screening of girls for evidence of sexual abusGirls with evidence of sexual abuse should be screened for sexually transmitted infections
• Test is non-reactiveGirls with positive VDRL or RPR test should have the FTA test
• Examination and reaginic tests of treated clients at 3, 6 and 12 months and annually until

• Refer suspected cases of neurosyphilis to hospital for further investigation and treatment
• Treatment with Penicillin

• Men and women with genital ulcers should have VDRL Test
• Men and women with positive VDRL or RPR test should have the FTA test
• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections

• Refer suspected cases of neurosyphilis to hospital for further investigation and treatment
• Treatment ofTreatment with Penicillinex partners

• Examination and reaginic tests of treated clients at 3, 6 and 12 months and annually until test is non-reactive
• Men and women with genital ulcers should have VDRL Test
• Men and women with positive VDRL or RPR test should have the FTA test
• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with Penicillin Treatment of sex partners
• Refer suspected cases of neurosyphilis to hospital for further investigation and treatment

• Examination and reaginic tests of treated clients at 3, 6 and 12 months and annually until test is non-reactive
• Men and women with genital ulcers should have VDRL Test
• Men and women with positive VDRL or RPR test should have the FTA test

• Treatment with PenicillinTreatment of sex partners
• Refer suspected cases of neurosyphilis to hospital for further investigation and treatment

• Education at ANC on symptoms of sexually transmitted infections and what to do in the event of occurrence of symptoms
• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners
• Sensitization of traditional healers and community leaders.
• promote substance use cessation
• Promote early health seeking behaviour
• distribute IEC materials,
• promote condoms use to prevent STIs
• Educate communities on sex and sexual education for guidance to prevent risk factors
• Promotion of stigma reduction
• Training of community Health Workers on STI

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections

• Appropriate treatment for condition Concomitant treatment for Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea
• Treatment of sex partners

Counselling on STI prevention, risk reduction, and safer sex Promote and provide female condoms Promote and provide male condoms Vaccination: human papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination: hepatitis B

• Risk assessment with sexual history and risk factors

• History and physical examination for STI and reproductive tract infections
• Syndromic diagnosis and treatment of STIs
• Counselling on partner notification, diagnosis and treatment
• Information on treatment compliance and use of condom
• Referral for management of complications of STIs

• Conduct Clinical examination of reproductive system
• Examination and investigation of adolescents STI symptoms
• Conduct follow up to high-risk groups, such as youths and commercial sex workers and prisoners
• Awareness and sensitization about HTS
• Assess further complications and manage conditions
• Introduce mechanism on a regular check-up and follow up mechanism
• Training health workers on complex complications of STI

• Appropriate treatment for condition Concomitant treatment for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
• Treatment of sex partners

• Education on sexuality and safe sex practices
• Education on symptoms of sexually transmitted infections and what to do in the event of occurrence of symptoms
• Promote early health seeking behaviour
• Promotion of stigma reduction

Counselling on STI prevention, risk reduction, and safer sex Promote correct and consistent use of condoms Vaccination: hepatitis B Risk assessment with sexual history and risk factors

• History and physical examination for STI and reproductive tract infections
• Syndromic diagnosis and treatment of STIs
• Counselling on partner notification, diagnosis and treatment
• Information on treatment compliance and use of condom
• Referral for management of complications of STIs Information on STIs and treatment compliance Provision of condom Referral for management of complications of STIs

• Examination and investigation of men and women for STI symptoms

• Education at ANC on symptoms of sexually transmitted infections and what to do in the event of occurrence of symptoms

• Education at ANC and CWC on symptoms of gonococcal eye infection in neonates and what to do if such symptoms occur
• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners

• Examination and investigation of pregnant women with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections or drops to asymptomatic babies of mothers with confirmed Gonorrhea 1% silver nitrate drops, 0.5% erythromycin or 1% tetracycline ointments
• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections

Referral of infants with purulent conjunctivitis to hospital for treatment

• Screening of girls for evidence of sexual abuse
• Examination and investigation of girls with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

Treatment with single dose of Ceftriaxone or Cefixime Concomitant treatment for Chlamydia

• Examination and investigation of female adolescents with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of male adolescents with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with single dose of Ceftriaxone or Cefixime Concomitant treatment for Chlamydia
• Treatment of sex partners

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of women with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of males with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with single dose of Ceftriaxone or Cefixime
• Concomitant treatment for ChlamydiaTreatment of sex partners

• Examination and investigation of males with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of women with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

• Referral of newborns with purulent conjunctivitis to hospital for treatment
• Treatment with single dose of Ceftriaxone or Cefixime Concomitant treatment for Chlamydia Treatment of sex partners

• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections
• Treatment with Acyclovir, valacyclovir/famciclovirTreatment of sex partners

• Treatment with Acyclovir, valacyclovir/famciclovir
• Treatment of sex partners

• Screening of girls for evidence of sexual abuse

• Treatment with Acyclovir, valacyclovir/famciclovir

• Screening of high risk women for sexually transmitted infections

• Treatment with Acyclovir, valacyclovir/famciclovir
• Treatment of sex partners

• Treatment with Acyclovir, valacyclovir/famciclovir
• Treatment of sex partners

• Education for high risk reproductive age women on regular condom use with non-regular partners
• Education at ANC and CWC on symptoms of chlamydia eye infection in neonates and what to do if such symptoms occur
• Health care workers training on chlamydia including prevention measures and management

• Screening of girls for evidence of sexual abuse
• Examination and investigation of girls with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections

• Examination and investigation of female adolescents with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of male adolescents with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections

• Screening of high risk adult women for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of adult women with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of adult men with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections

• Examination and investigation of elderly women with offensive vaginal discharge for sexually transmitted infections
• Examination and investigation of elderly men with mucopurulent urethritis for sexually transmitted infections

• Health education and awareness craetion on Trachoma
• Education on personal hygiene including hand and facial hygiene /cleanliness
• Health workers training on Trachoma including prevention measures

• Improvement in community Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Azithromycin (AZM) (starting from age 2) Primary prevention through
• screening communities for the presence of trachoma in children 1-9 years of age. (when over 10 % are found to have clinical disease the entire community is treated with antibiotics)

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Community awareness and education On Dengue
• Proper solid waste disposal and improved
• use of mosquito repellents, mosquito bed nets, mosquito coils, protective clothing and regularly removing sources of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding

• Health education on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea

• Implementation of exclusive breastfeeding policies
• Adoption of Baby Friendly Initiative to promote exclusive breastfeeding
• Immunization for newborns
• Early initiation of breastfeeding

• Health education on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea

• Access to safe drinking water
• Use of improved sanitation
• Monitoring of correct hand washing techniques
• Early recognition and action on danger signs
• Preventive zinc supplements
• Vaccination: Rotavirus

• Health education on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea

• Access to safe drinking water
• Use of improved sanitation
• Hand washing with soap
• Early recognition and action on danger signs
• Preventive zinc supplements

• Health education on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea

• Access to safe drinking water
• Use of improved sanitation
• Hand washing with soap
• Early recognition and action on danger signs
• Preventive zinc supplements

• Community-based awareness campaign
• Mass media based awareness

• Access to safe drinking water
• Use of improved sanitation
• Hand washing with soap

• Community-based awareness campaign
• Mass media based awareness

• Guidance and counselling on good sanitation, hygiene and use of safe water supply
• Early identification of danger signs
• Preventive zinc supplements

• recognizing, responding to and referring cases of Severe Adverse Events (SAEs) following treatment with Mectizan® to a designated health facility for clinical management of such cases. (Same for community distributors and all health personnel involved in the program) Community awareness and education on
• Onchocerciasis

• ground larviciding using environmentally safe insecticides
• vector control using mainly the spraying of insecticides against blackfly (genus Simulium) larvae Primary Prevention through . Annual preventive chemotherapy with single dose of Ivermectin.

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Primary prevention

• Diagnosis
• Management of Lymphoedema and elephantiasis through limb washing and improved hygiene practices, wound care, foot care, wearing of suitable footwear, physiotherapy and exercise, and the application of antibacterial creams and antifungal creams
• Management of Acute dermatolymphangioadenitis with Antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Primary prevention

• Diagnosis
• Management of Lymphoedema and elephantiasis through limb washing and improved hygiene practices, wound care, foot care, wearing of suitable footwear, physiotherapy and exercise, and the application of antibacterial creams and anti fungal creams
• Management of Acute dermatolymphangioadenitis with Antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Primary prevention

• Diagnosis
• Management of Lymphoedema and elephantiasis through limb washing and improved hygiene practices, wound care, foot care, wearing of suitable footwear, physiotherapy and exercise, and the application of antibacterial creams and antifungal creams
• Management of Acute dermatolymphangioadenitis with Antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics

• Community awareness and education
• Education of families and communities on Lymphatic Filariasis ·
• Promote positive attitudes towards people with disabilities

• Primary prevention

• Diagnosis
• Management of Lymphoedema and elephantiasis through limb washing and improved hygiene practices, wound care, foot care, wearing of suitable footwear, physiotherapy and exercise, and the application of antibacterial creams and anti fungal creams
• Management of Acute dermatolymphangioadenitis with Antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics

• Maternal education on diphtheria and prevention measures
• Maternal education on importance of immunization
• Creation of awareness on the importance of immunization
• Sensitization on proper hygiene practices
• Health workers education on diphtheria including its management in pregnant women

• Vaccination with Tdap during routine wellness visits to women and girls of childbearing age
• Provide ANC services for women including health education on diptheria
• Provide Post-natal care services

• Sensitize parents and care givers to recognize when the child is sick and when to seek treatment
• Sensitize parents and care givers regarding transmission and prevention of diphtheria in under 5s
• Information and health education to parents, families and on immunization including vaccination schedule
• Guidance to the parents and families on proper nutrition for the under 5s
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on diphtheria, its prevention and management in under 5s
• Update/training of health care workers on immunization as recommended in national immunization schedules.

• Routine vaccination for diphtheria according to the national schedule

• (use of Diphtheria toxoid-vaccine combined with tetanus toxoid (Td) as well with other antigens such as pertussis (DTwP/DTaP/Tdap)

• Defaulter tracing for children who are not fully immunized
• Outreach services to the communities
• Active surveillance and early detection of diphtheria
• Contact tracing for under 5s who have been in contact with persons infected with diphtheria
• Post exposure vaccination for unvaccinated under 5s
• Prophylactic antibiotics (penicillin or erythromycin) for under 5s who have been in close contact with some with diphtheria
• Recording and reporting of diphtheria cases through established reporting mechanisms

• Information/education on transmission and prevention of diphtheria
• Creation of awareness on importance on immunization
• Education on proper nutrition for school age children
• School health programs
• Provision of IEC materials through schools and communities
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on diphtheria and its management
• Training health workforce
• Update/training of health care workers on immunization as recommended in national immunization schedules.

• Routine vaccination (booster vaccination) for diphtheria according to the national schedule
• Active surveillance and early detection of diphtheria

• (use of Diphtheria toxoid-vaccine combined with tetanus toxoid (Td) as well with other antigens such as pertussis (DTwP/DTaP/Tdap)

• Identify close contacts such as caretakers, relatives, sexual contacts, friend, Health care workers
• Prophylactic antibiotics (penicillin or erythromycin) for close contacts
• Monitor close contacts for signs and symptoms of diphtheria
• Vaccination with diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine for unvaccinated contacts and for Under-vaccinated contacts to complete their vaccination series
• Recording and reporting of diphtheria cases through established reporting mechanisms

• Information/education on transmission and prevention of diphtheria
• Creation of awareness on importance on immunization
• Education on proper nutrition for school age children
• School health programs
• Provision of IEC materials through schools and communities
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on diphtheria and its management
• Update/training of health care workers on immunization as recommended in national immunization schedules

• Routine vaccination (booster vaccination) for diphtheria according to the national schedule
• Active surveillance and early detection of diphtheria

• (use of Diphtheria toxoid-vaccine combined with tetanus toxoid (Td) as well with other antigens such as pertussis (DTwP/DTaP/Tdap)

• Identify close contacts such as caretakers, relatives, sexual contacts, friends, Health care workers
• Monitor close contacts for signs and symptoms of diphtheria
• Prophylactic antibiotics (penicillin or erythromycin) for close contacts
• Recording and reporting of diphtheria cases through established reporting mechanisms

• Information/education on transmission and prevention of diphtheria
• Creation of awareness on importance on immunization
• Education on proper nutrition for adults
• Provision of IEC materials through communities
• Creation of awareness on good hygiene practices
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on diphtheria and its management
• Update/training of health care workers on immunization as recommended in national immunization schedules.

• Active surveillance and early detection of diphtheria
• Identify close contacts such as caretakers, relatives, sexual contacts, friends, Health care workers
• Monitor close contacts for signs and symptoms of diphtheria
• Prophylactic antibiotics (penicillin/erythromycin) for close contacts
• Vaccination with diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine for unvaccinated contacts and for Under-vaccinated contacts to complete their vaccination series
• Recording and reporting of diphtheria cases through established reporting mechanisms

• Information/education on transmission and prevention of diphtheria
• Creation of awareness on importance on immunization
• Education on proper nutrition for elderly
• Creation of awareness on good hygiene practices
• Provision of IEC materials
• Training/sensitizing health workforce on diphtheria and its management

• Education and awareness creation to mothers on Hepatitis B including transmission and prevention measures
• Provide education to mothers during antenatal care and enhance links with communities.
• Awareness creation on safer sex practices, including minimizing the number of partners and using barrier protective measures (condoms)
• Awareness among mothers on the importance on immunization
• Promote ANC attendance
• Maternal counseling
• condom distribution
• Distribution of IEC materials on Hepatitis B
• Health workers training on Hepatitis B, including prevention measures

• Hepatitis B Vaccination for the pregnant women
• Prevent mother to child transmission of Hepatitis B through; anti-retroviral prophylaxis
• Integration of hepatitis B testing and treatment of eligible pregnant women with the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and congenital syphilis with antenatal care service. ‘Triple elimination approach
• Routine Screening for Hepatitis B for the pregnant women
• Hepatitis B vaccination for the newborn within 24 hours of birth
• Safe injection practices, including eliminating unnecessary and unsafe injections,
• Avoid re-use of needles and syringes

• Education and awareness creation among parents/communities on Hepatitis B including transmission and prevention measures
• Create awareness on the importance of Hepatitis B vaccination for the children
• Promote CWC attendance
• Health workers training on Hepatitis B, including prevention measures among children

• Hepatitis B Vaccination for those not vaccinated at birth
• Screening for Hepatitis B for those at risk ; those living with someone who has hepatitis B
• Safe injection practices, including eliminating unnecessary and unsafe injections,-
• Avoid re-use of needles and syringes

• School health education on risk factors for viral hepatitis and preventive measures

• Universal precaution
• Hepatitis B Screening for high risk persons
• Hepatitis B vaccination
• Safe blood donation
• Safe injection practices
• Eliminate unnecessary injections
• Avoiding re-use of needles and syringes

• Health education on risk factors for viral hepatitis and preventive measures

• Universal precaution
• Hepatitis B Screening for high risk persons
• Hepatitis B vaccination
• Safe blood donation
• Safe injection practices
• Eliminate unnecessary injections

• Community awareness creation on Hepatitis B transmission, prevention measures and treatment

• Universal precaution
• Hepatitis B Screening for high risk persons
• Hepatitis B vaccination
• Safe blood donation
• Safe injection practices
• Eliminate unnecessary injections

• Awareness creation on Hepatitis B including transmission and prevention measures
• Awareness creation on safer sex practices, including minimizing the number of partners and using barrier protective measures (condoms),
• Awareness creation on other risky behaviours such as illicit drugs and sharing needles and other sharp objects; no sharing personal items
• Promote testing for HBV and for HIV/AIDs
• Provide Hepatitis B testing services.
• Health Education on Hepatitis B
• Mass awareness campaigns through such days as World Hepatitis Day and World immunization Week
• Distribution of IEC materials on Heaptitis B
• condom distribution
• Health workers training on Hepatitis B,including prevention measures

• Hepatitis B screening and Vaccination for elderly at risk including People who frequently require blood or blood products - Dialysis patients - Recipients of solid organ transplantation - People in prisons - People who inject drugs - Household and sexual contacts of people with chronic HBV infection, - Elderly with multiple sexual partners, Healthcare workers and others who may be exposed to blood and blood products through their work - Travelers who have not completed their HBV series, who should be offered the vaccine before leaving for endemic areas
• Safe injection practices, including eliminating unnecessary and unsafe injections,
• Avoid re-use of needles and syringes.

• Create awareness to mothers on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Mothers education on proper hygiene measures
• Sensitize mothers and families on use of clean, safe water
• Education families on proper human waste disposal -including for children
• Health workers training/sensitization on Hepatitis A ,including prevention measures and management

• Advice on Observation of personal hygiene practices such as regular hand-washing before meals and after going to the bathroom
• Advice on proper disposal of human waste within communities
• Advice mothers on Proper food hygiene including - proper cooking/heatingAdvice mothers on Use clean safe water for drinking
• Advice mothers on Strict personal hygiene and hand washing to prevent faecal -oral transmission to others for those already infected
• Advice mothers on Proper cleaning of Contaminated surfaces/with disinfectant

• Create awareness to mothers and families/communities on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Families and community education on proper hygiene measures
• Sensitize communities on use of clean, safe waterEducation to families on proper human waste disposal -including for children
• Health workers training/sensitization on Hepatitis A ,including prevention measures and management

• Education/sensitization to families on Strict personal and hand hygiene
• Hepatitis A Vaccine for children older than 1 year especially children who live in communities where the number of HAV infections is unusually high or where there are periodic outbreaks of hepatitis A.

• Create awareness through schools and communities on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Schools and community education on proper hygiene measuresAdvice on Improved sanitationSensitize through schools and families on use of clean, safe water
• Individuals education on the need for strict enteric precautions especially for individuals with HAV
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis A , including prevention measures and management
• Sensitization of teachers and school communities.

• School health programs
• Reduce chances of infections and transmission to others through advice and sensitization.
• Proper hand hygiene
• Proper food hygiene including proper cooking/heating
• Use clean safe water for drinking
• Strict personal hygiene and hand washing to prevent fecal -oral transmission to others for those already infection
• Proper cleaning of Contaminated surfaces/with disinfectant

• Create community awareness on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Create awareness on the benefits of immunization, particularly in high-risk individuals
• Sensitize communities on use of clean, safe water
• Individuals education on the need for strict enteric precautions especially for individuals with HAD
• Individuals, families and community education on proper hygiene measuresAdvice on Improved sanitation
• Health workers training/sensitization on Hepatitis A , including prevention measures and management

• Advice on on the following to Reduce chances of infections and transmission to others
• Proper hand hygiene
• Proper food hygiene including proper cooking/heating
• Use clean safe water for drinking
• Strict personal hygiene and hand washing to prevent fecal -oral transmission to others for those already infected
• Proper cleaning of Contaminated surfaces/with disinfectant Hepatitis A Vaccine before exposure to targeted at risk groups;-
• Men who have sex with men
• People who use illegal drugs
• People with impaired immune systems or chronic liver disease
• People with blood-clotting disorders who receive clotting factors

• Create community awareness on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Create awareness on the benefits of immunization, particularly in high-risk individuals
• Individuals education on the need for strict enteric precautions especially for individuals with HAV
• Sensitize communities on use of clean, safe water,Individuals, families and community education on proper hygiene measures
• Advice on Improved sanitation
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis A , including prevention measures and management

• Advice on the following to Reduce chances of infections and transmission to others;-
• Proper hand hygiene
• Proper food hygiene including proper cooking / heating
• Use clean safe water for drinking
• Strict personal hygiene and hand washing to prevent fecal -oral transmission to others for those already infected
• Proper cleaning of Contaminated surfaces /with disinfectant
• Hepatitis A Vaccine before exposure to targeted at risk groups;
• Men who have sex with men
• People who use illegal drugs
• People with impaired immune systems or chronic liver disease
• People with blood-clotting disorders who receive clotting factors

• Create community awareness on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Individuals, families and community education on proper hygiene measures
• Advice on Improved sanitation
• Sensitize communities on use of clean, safe water.
• Create awareness on the benefits of immunization, particularly in high-risk individuals
• Individuals education on the need for strict enteric precautions especially for individuals with HAV
• Health workers training/sensitization on Hepatitis A , including prevention measures and management

• Advice on the following to Reduce chances of infections and transmission to others through;
• Proper hand hygiene
• Proper food hygiene including proper cooking/ heating
• Use clean safe water for drinking
• Strict personal hygiene and hand washing to prevent fecal -oral transmission to others for those already infected
• Proper cleaning of Contaminated surfaces /with disinfectant
• Hepatitis A Vaccine before exposure to targeted at risk groups;
• Men who have sex with men
• People who use illegal drugs
• People with impaired immune systems or chronic liver disease
• People with blood-clotting disorders who receive clotting factors

• Create awareness to mothers and families on Hepatitis E including risk factors
• Families and community education on proper hygiene measuresSensitize communities on consumption of clean, safe waterEducation families on proper human waste disposal -including for children
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Guidance/education on proper hygiene practices including: - Proper disposal of human waste/feaces
• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Consumption of clean safe water
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation

• Create awareness to mothers and families/communities on Hepatitis A including risk factors
• Families and community education on proper hygiene measures
• Education families on proper human waste disposal -including for children
• Sensitize communities on use of clean,safe water
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Guidance/education to parents/families on proper hygiene practices including: - Consumption of clean safe water - Proper disposal of human waste/feaces
• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation

• Create awareness on Hepatitis E disease,the transmission mode and preventive measures
• Education on good hygiene practicesImprove access to clean and safe drinking water
• Water sources protection e.g protection of wells
• Improve access to good sanitation/including safe human waste disposal in communities including in congregate populations
• Strategies to address poverty especially for resource poor areasImprove access to health services Strategies to reduce overcrowding such as in refugee camps where
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Guidance/education on proper hygiene practices including: - Proper disposal of human waste/feaces - Consumption of clean safe water
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation

• Create awareness on Hepatitis E disease,the transmission mode and preventive measures
• Education on good hygiene practices
• Improve access to clean and safe drinking waterImprove access to good sanitation/including safe human waste disposal in communities including in congregate populations
• Strategies to address poverty especially for resource poor areas through multi-sectoral approach
• Improve access to health servicesStrategies to reduce overcrowding such as in refugee camps where sanitation and safe water supply pose special challengesIntersectoral collaboration to address social determinants of health e.g. Sanitation.
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Guidance/education on - proper hygiene practices including - Proper disposal of human waste/feaces
• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Consumption of clean safe water
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation.

• Create awareness on Hepatitis E disease,the transmission mode and preventive measure
• Education on good hygiene practices
• Improve access to clean and safe drinking waterStrategies to address poverty especially for resource poor areas
• Improve access to good sanitation/including safe human waste disposal in communities including in congregate populations. Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management
• Improve access to health servicesStrategies to reduce overcrowding such as in refugee camps where sanitation and safe water supply pose special challenges
• Intersectoral collaboration to address social determinants of health e.g. Sanitation
• Health workers education/sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Guidance/education on proper hygiene practices including:
• Proper disposal of human waste/feaces
• Consumption of clean safe water
• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation

• Create awareness on Hepatitis E disease, the transmission mode and preventive measures
• Education on good hygiene practices
• Improve access to clean and safe drinking water
• Improve access to good sanitation/including safe human waste disposal in communities including in congregate populations
• Improve access to health services
• Intersectoral collaboration to address social determinants of health e.g. Sanitation
• Strategies to reduce overcrowding such as in refugee camps where sanitation and safe water supply pose special challenges
• Health workers education /sensitization on Hepatitis E including prevention measures and management

• Guidance/education; - Proper disposal of human waste/feaces - proper hygiene practices including:
• Maintaining individual hygiene practices
• Consumption of clean safe water
• Consumption of properly cooked meat and meat products (consumption of uncooked meat and meat products accounts for a small number of clinical cases
• Monitoring and Proper record keeping/reporting especially in out breaks situation

• Create awareness on diabetes including prevention measures
• Create awareness on health diets for the pregnant women
• Education to pregnant women, Families and communities on importance of physical exercise
• Creation of awareness on avoidance risk factors such as on avoidance of tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol.
• Health workers training on diabetes including management in pregnant women

• Advice/guidance to pregnant women on maintaining healthy diet
• Guidance on a regular exercise routine
• Guidance on maintaining healthy body weight/guidance on weight loss
• Screening for diabetes

• Create awareness to parents, families and communities on type 1 diabetes
• Awareness creation on measures to prevent complications of type 1 diabetes among children
• Awareness creation on healthy diets for children, physical activity
• Health workers training on diabetes including type 1 diabetes and its management

• Interventions to prevent complications for type 1 diabetes including.
• Helping the child maintain good blood sugar control
• Teaching the child the importance of eating a healthy diet and participating in regular physical activity
• Scheduling regular check-ups for the child with the health workers-including eye check up

• Health education on early identification of diabetes, early treatment and complication prevention

Integrated counselling on healthy diet, physical activity, Encourage compliance with medications, and regular clinical check-ups and prevention of complications

• Health education on early identification of diabetes, early treatment and complication prevention

• Advice/guidance on Physical activity/exercises for weight control
• Advice on achieving maintaining a healthy body weight
• Advice on eating healthy diets, e.g. avoiding sugar and saturated fats
• Advice on avoidance of tobacco use – smoking increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease
• Screening for diabetes

• Health education on early identification of diabetes, early treatment and complication prevention

• Integrated counselling on healthy diet, physical activity, weight management, and alcohol and tobacco use
• Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels in high risk patients
• Diabetes-related foot examination

• Health education on early identification of diabetes, early treatment and complication prevention

• Integrated counselling on healthy diet, physical activity, weight management, and alcohol and tobacco use
• Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels in high risk patients
• Diabetes-related foot examination

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, and immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers training on rabies, prevention measures and its management

• Referral to hospitals for Pre-exposure immunization for women in high-risk occupations such as; laboratory workers handling live rabies and rabies-related (lyssavirus) viruses,elderly whose profession brings them direct contact with animals e.g. wildlife rangers
• Joint contact tracing by veterinary and public health services to identify additional suspected rabid animals and human bite victims, with the goal to apply preventive measures accordingly
• Record keeping and reporting to the public health departments and veterinary departments

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites.
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers education on rabies,prevention measures and its management

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites.
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, and immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers training on rabies,prevention measures and its management

• Advice and Referral to hospital for Immunization consideration for children living in, high rabies exposure risk areas ( As they play with animals, they may receive more severe bites, or may not report bites.)
• Joint contact tracing by veterinary and public health services to identify additional suspected rabid animals and human bite victims, with the goal to apply preventive measures accordingly
• Record keeping and reporting to the public health departments and veterinary departments

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites.
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, and immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers training on rabies , prevention measures and its management

• Advice and Referral to hospital for Pre-exposure immunization for adolescents in high-risk activities such as direct contact with animals e.g. wildlife rangers
• Joint contact tracing by veterinary and public health services to identify additional suspected rabid animals and human bite victims, with the goal to apply preventive measures accordingly.
• Record keeping and reporting to the public health departments and veterinary departments

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites.
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, and immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers education on rabies ,prevention measures and its management

• Advice and Referral to hospital for Pre-exposure immunization for adults in high-risk occupations such as, laboratory workers handling live rabies and rabies-related (lyssavirus) viruses, and elderly whose profession brings them direct contact with animals e.g. wildlife rangers
• Joint contact tracing by veterinary and public health services to identify additional suspected rabid animals and human bite victims, with the goal to apply preventive measures accordingly
• Record keeping and reporting to the public health departments and veterinary departments.

• Awareness creation on rabies and prevention measures including preventing dog bites.
• Education on dog behavior and bite prevention
• Increasing awareness of rabies prevention and control in communities including education and information on responsible pet ownership, how to prevent dog bites, and immediate care measures after a bite.
• Health workers training on rabies , prevention measures and its management

• Advice and Referral to hospital for Pre-exposure immunization for elderly in high-risk occupations such as laboratory workers handling live rabies and rabies-related (lyssavirus) viruses and elderly whose profession brings them direct contact with animals e.g. wildlife rangers
• Joint contact tracing by veterinary and public health services to identify additional suspected rabid animals and human bite victims, with the goal to apply preventive measures accordingly
• Record keeping and reporting to the public health departments

• Education and awareness creation on yellow fever including transmission and prevention measures
• Education on the need for yellow fever vaccination
• Education on vector/mosquito control measures
• Distribution of IEC materials
• Mass awareness campaigns on yellow fever
• Health workers training on yellow fever including prevention measures

• vaccination with yellow fever vaccine for pregnant women during yellow fever out breaks when the risk of infection is high
• Recognition and control of outbreaks using mass immunization in high-risk areas where vaccination coverage is low
• Eliminating potential mosquito breeding sites to reduce risk of yellow fever transmission in urban areas
• Vector surveillance targeting Aedes aegypti and other Aedes species to inform where there is a risk of an outbreak and hence inform vector control activities, human disease surveillance and testing
• Personal preventive measures such as clothing minimizing skin exposure and repellents to avoid mosquito bites
• Recording and reporting on yellow fever to health departments

• Education and awareness creation on yellow fever including transmission and prevention measures
• Education on the need for yellow fever vaccination
• Education on vector/mosquito control measures
• Distribution of IEC materials
• Mass awareness campaigns on yellow fever
• Health workers training on yellow fever including prevention measures

• Promote Vaccination of children for life-long protection against yellow fever disease through
• Promote Routine infant immunization
• Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage in countries at risk
• Promote vaccination for travelers going to yellow fever endemic areas
• Prompt recognition and control of outbreaks using mass immunization in high-risk areas where vaccination coverage is low
• Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of yellow fever vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR)
• Eliminating potential mosquito breeding sites to reduce risk of yellow fever transmission in urban areas
• Vector surveillance targeting Aedes aegypti and other Aedes species to inform where there is a risk of an outbreak and hence inform vector control activities, human disease surveillance and testing
• Guidance to children/parents on Personal preventive measures such as clothing minimizing skin exposure and repellents to avoid mosquito bites
• Recording and reporting on yellow fever to health departments

• Strengthen families and community-based awareness on Yellow Fever including transmission and prevention measures * Information and health education to parents, families and Communities on immunization including vaccination schedule for young children

• Integrated vector control management (ITN, IRS, larva source management, etc.) * Vaccination: Yellow fever and other routine on schedule vaccination
• Personal protective measures (mosquito repellent, long sleeved clothes)

• Education and awareness creation on yellow fever including transmission and prevention measures
• Awareness creation on yellow fever vaccination
• Education on vector/mosquito control measures
• Distribution of IEC materials on Yellow fever
• Mass awareness campaigns on yellow fever
• Health workers training on yellow fever including prevention measures

• Vaccination for life-long protection against yellow fever disease
• Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage in countries at risk
• Vaccination for travelers going to yellow fever endemic areas
• Yellow fever disease surveillance and Prompt recognition and control of outbreaks using mass immunization in high-risk areas where vaccination coverage is low
• Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of yellow fever vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR)
• Vector surveillance targeting Aedes aegypti and other Aedes species to inform where there is a risk of an outbreak and hence inform vector control activities, human disease surveillance and testing
• Guidance on Personal preventive measures such as clothing minimizing skin exposure and repellents to avoid mosquito bites
• Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI)
• Recording and reporting on yellow fever to health departments

• Strengthen families and community-based awareness on Yellow Fever including transmission and prevention measures * Information and health education to parents, families and communities on Yellow Fever vaccination

• Integrated vector control management (ITN, IRS, larva source management, etc.) * Vaccination: Yellow fever
• Personal protective measures (mosquito repellent, long sleeved clothes)

• Education and awareness creation on yellow fever including transmission and prevention measures
• Education on the need for yellow fever vaccination
• Education on vector/mosquito control measures
• Distribution of IEC materials
• Mass awareness campaigns on yellow fever
• Health workers training on yellow fever including prevention measures

• Vaccination for life-long protection against yellow fever disease for elderly after careful risk assessment
• Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage in countries at risk
• Vaccination for travelers going to yellow fever endemic areas
• Yellow fever disease surveillance and Prompt recognition and control of outbreaks using mass immunization in high-risk areas where vaccination coverage is low
• Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of yellow fever vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR) >
• Working with communities to Eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites to reduce risk of yellow fever transmission in urban areas
• Vector surveillance targeting Aedes aegypti and other Aedes species to inform where there is a risk of an outbreak and hence inform vector control activities; human disease surveillance and testing
• Guidance on Personal preventive measures such as clothing minimizing skin exposure and repellents to avoid mosquito bites
• Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI)
• Recording and reporting on yellow fever to health departments

• Create awareness to mothers and families on Hepatitis C including transmission, risk factors and prevention measures
• Mass awareness campaigns during health days such as World Hepatitis Day
• Provision of education; comprehensive harm-reduction services to mothers who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence health education on hepatitis C
• Eduaction on safe sex practices
• Health workers training on Hepatitis C, including transmission &; prevention measures

• Primary prevention measures
• Injection safety -safe and appropriate use of health care injections
• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Guidance to mothers on Safe sex practices
• prevent exposure to blood during sex
• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver
• Screening, for hepatitis C infection

• Mass awareness campaigns during health days such as World Hepatitis Day
• Create awareness to parents and families on Hepatitis C including transmission, risk factors and prevention measures
• Health workers training on Hepatitis C, including on transmission and prevention measures

• Primary prevention measures
• Injection safety - safe and appropriate use of health care injections

• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste

• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver
• Screening for hepatitis C infection

• Create awareness to school age children on Hepatitis C including transmission, risk factors and prevention measures.
• Mass awareness campaigns during health days such as World Hepatitis Day/ school health days
• School communities sensitizations on Hepatitis C, including transmission and prevention measures.
• Health workers training on on Hepatitis C, including transmission, prevention measures and management .

• Primary prevention , Injection safety -safe and appropriate use of health care injections, Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Screening for hepatitis C infection
• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver

Primary prevention measures,Injection safety -safe and appropriate use of health care injections

• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Training of health personnel
• Guidance on Safe sex practices-prevent exposure to blood during sex
• Provision comprehensive harm-reduction services to adolescents who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence
• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver
• Screening for hepatitis C infection

• Create awareness to adults and families on Hepatitis C including transmission, risk factors and prevention measures
• Mass awareness campaigns during health days such as World Hepatitis Day
• Provision of education & comprehensive harm-reduction services to adults who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence health educatioN to adults on heaptitis C
• Education to adults on safe sex practices
• Distribution of IEC materials
• Health workers training on Hepatitis C, including transmission, prevention measures

• Primary prevention measures
• Training of health personnel on heaptitis C
• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver
• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Provision comprehensive harm-reduction services to Adults who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence
• Injection safety -safe and appropriate use of health care injections
• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Education /Guidance on Safe sex practices -prevent exposure to blood during sex
• Screening, for hepatitis C infection

• Create awareness to the elderly and families on Hepatitis C including transmission, risk factors and prevention measures
• Provision of education & comprehensive harm-reduction services to elderly who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence - Education to elderly on hepatitis C and prevention measures - Education on safe sex parctices - Distribution of IEC materials
• Mass awreness campaigns during world heptitis day
• Health workers education on Hepatitis C, including transmission and; prevention measures

• Primary prevention measures
• Injection safety -safe and appropriate use of health care injections
• Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste
• Training of health personnelon hepatitis C
• Guidance on Safe sex practices -prevent exposure to blood during sex
• Provision comprehensive harm-reduction services to elderly who inject drugs including sterile injecting equipment and effective and evidence-based treatment of dependence
• Screening, for hepatitis C infection
• Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent coinfection from these hepatitis viruses and to protect their liver

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy in the community
• Demand creation for the pregnant women/community to seek early diagnosis and treatment
• Pregnant women/Community Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy,signs and symptoms and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Health workers education on leprosy including prevention,diagnosis and management

• Guidance on avoidance of close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Early case detection through active case finding
• Contact tracing
• Surveillance for leprosy
• Guidance on prompt start and adherence to treatment
• Recording and reporting on leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation)
• Conducting basic and operational research in all aspects of leprosy and maximize the evidence base to inform policies,strategies and activities

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy in the community
• Demand creation for the community/parents with under 5s to seek early diagnosis and treatment for under 5s with Leprosy
• Community/parents/families Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy,signs and symptoms and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Health workers education on leprosy including prevention,diagnosis and management

• Guidance to parents/families to ensure the under 5s does not come into close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Early case detection through active case finding
• contact tracing.
• Surveillance for leprosy
• Recording and reporting ON leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation)
• Conducting basic and operational research in all aspects of leprosy and maximize the evidence base to inform policies, strategies and activities

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Community Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy by the community members
• Demand creation for community to seek early diagnosis and treatment
• Community Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy,signs and symptoms, and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Multi-sectoral approach in addressing leprosy
• Community Health workers sensitization on Leprosy

• Avoidance of close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Community screening to identify presumptive leprosy case
• Early case detection through active case finding Contact tracing
• Guidance on prompt start and adherence to treatment
• Strengthening surveillance for leprosy
• Strengthening the reporting system for leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation)

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Community Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy by the community members
• Demand creation for community to seek early diagnosis and treatment
• Community Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy, signs and symptoms and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Multi-sect oral approach in addressing leprosy
• Community Health workers sensitization on Leprosy

• Avoidance of close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Community screening to identify presumptive leprosy cases
• Early case detection through active case finding Contact tracing
• Strengthening surveillance for leprosy
• Guidance on prompt start and adherence to treatment
• Strengthening the reporting system for leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation)

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Community Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy by the community members
• Demand creation for community to seek early diagnosis and treatment
• Community Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy, signs and symptoms and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Multi-sectoral approach in addressing leprosy
• Community Health workers sensitization on Leprosy

• Avoidance of close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Community screening to identify presumptive leprosy cases
• Early case detection through active case finding - Contact tracing
• Strengthening surveillance for leprosy
• Guidance on prompt start and adherence to treatment
• Strengthening the reporting system for leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation)

• Strengthening patient and community awareness of leprosy
• Community Health education to raise suspicion of leprosy by the community members
• Demand creation for community to seek early diagnosis and treatment
• Community Capacity building on basic facts about leprosy, signs and symptoms and mode of transmission will improve early diagnosis and treatment
• Community knowledge that leprosy disease is curable will reduce stigma and discrimination
• Involving communities in actions for improvement of leprosy services
• Multi-sectoral approach in addressing leprosy
• Community Health workers sensitization on Leprosy

• Avoidance of close and frequent contacts with persons with untreated leprosy
• Community screening to identify presumptive leprosy cases
• Early case detection through active case finding
• Contact tracing
• Surveillance for leprosy
• Guidance on prompt start and adherence to treatment
• Recording and reporting on leprosy (health information systems for program monitoring and evaluation

• Pregnant women education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces
• Health education to pregnant women on ascariasis and prevention measures
• Health workers training on ascariasis including prevention measures and management

• Guidance to pregnant women on primary prevention measures incluidng;
• Proper cleaning and cooking of food
• proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Avoidance of consuming or contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal/not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel, or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Promoting good nutrition for pregnant women

• Health education on risk factors for ascariasis and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Mass drug administration with albendazole

Health education on risk factors for ascariasis and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Mass drug administration with albendazole

• Health education for adolescents on ascariasis and prevention measures
• Adolescents education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces
• Health workers education on ascariasis including prevention measures and management among the adolescents

• Guidance to adolescents on proper cleaning and cooking of food
• Guidance to adolescents on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Guidance on Avoidance of consuming or getting into contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal -Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel, or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Provide guidance on good nutrition for adolescents

• Health education to adults on ascariasis and prevention measures
• Adult education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faecesAwareness on effective sewerage disposal systems
• Health workers education on ascariasis including prevention measures and its management in adults

• Guidance to adults on primary prevention measures incluidng;Proper cleaning and cooking of food
• proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Avoidance of consuming or contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal/not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Provide guidance on good nutrition for adults

Awareness on effective sewerage disposal systems Elderly persons education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces Health education to elderly persons/families and communities on ascariasis and prevention measures Health workers education on ascariasis including prevention measures

• Guidance to the elderly and their families on primary prevention measures incluidng :

• • Proper cleaning and cooking of food
• • proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• • Avoidance of consuming or contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• • Proper waste disposal/ not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• • Wash, peel, or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• • Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure guidance on good nutrition for the elderly

• Awareness Creation among mothers and families on Tetanus and preventive measures
• Education and awareness creation on safe delivery to the mothers
• Health education activities to increase community awareness of the importance of tetanus immunization
• Creation of awareness on importance of infant/child vaccination and on vaccination schedule
• Training the ANC Health care providers on tetanus on vaccination and cold chain management
• Training Health workers on safe delivery methods
• Training Health care workers on Tetanus, prevention measures and management

• Advice to mothers on Regular ANC attendance
• Maternal Immunization againts Tetanus (Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination)
• Clean delivery practices
• Proper cord care during delivery
• Proper wound care
• Effective surveillance to identify areas/populations at high risk of neonatal tetanus and maternal tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring system including immunization register, personal vaccination cards and maternal health records
• Data keeping/monitoring the impact of interventions and reporting
• Outreach activities in order to increase ANC and TT immunization coverage

• Awareness Creation among parents and families on Tetanus and preventive measures
• Creation of awareness on importance of infant/child vaccination and on vaccination schedule
• Training Health care workers on Tetanus prevention measures and management among under 5s

• Immunization with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines (TTCV), which are included in routine immunization programmes
• Proper wound care for the under 5s
• Effective surveillance to identify areas/populations at high risk of tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring sy stem including immunization register,personal vaccination cards
• Outreach activities in order to increase TT immunization coverage
• Data keeping/monitoring the impact of interventions and reporting

• Effective tetanus surveillance to identify areas or populations at high risk of tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring system including immunization register, personal vaccination cards and maternal health records.
• Outreach activities inorder to increase TT immunizaton
• Post exposure TT vaccination
• Booster Tetanus vaccination Tetanus Toxoid containing vaccine /Immunization with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines (TTCV), which are included in routine immunization programmes
• Proper wound care
• School based health programs including TT vaccination

• Awareness Creation among adolescents on Tetanus and preventive measures
• Creation of awareness on importance of /child vaccination and on vaccination schedule
• Distribution of IEC materials on Tetanus
• Training Health care workers on Tetanus prevention measures and management among adolescents

• Booster Tetanus vaccination Tetanus Toxoid containing vaccine /Immunization with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines (TTCV), which are included in routine immunization programmes - Proper wound care - Post exposure TT vaccination
• School based health programs including TT vaccination
• Effective surveillance to identify areas or populations at high risk of tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring system including immunization register, personal vaccination cards
• Data keeping/monitoring the impact of interventions and reporting
• Outreach activities in order to increase TT immunization coverage

• Awareness Creation among adults on Tetanus and preventive measures
• Health education activities to increase awareness of the importance of tetanus immunization
• Training Health care workers on Tetanus prevention measures and management among adults

• Post exposure vaccination for adults with Tetanus Toxoid containing vaccine
• Proper wound care for adults
• Outreach activities in order to increase TT immunization coverage
• Effective surveillance to identify areas or populations at high risk of tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring system including immunization register, personal vaccination cards
• Data keeping/monitoring the impact of interventions and reporting

• Awareness Creation elderly on Tetanus and preventive measures
• Health education activities to increase awareness of the importance of tetanus immunization
• Training Health care workers on Tetanus, prevention measures and management among elderly

• Post exposure vaccination for elderly with Tetanus Toxoid containing vaccine
• Proper wound care for the elderly
• Outreach activities in order to increase TT immunization coverage
• Effective surveillance to identify areas or populations at high risk of tetanus
• Effective tetanus vaccination monitoring system including immunization register, personal vaccination cards
• Data keeping/monitoring the impact of interventions and reporting

• Health education to pregnant women on Trichuriasis and prevention measures
• Pregnant women education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces
• Health workers training on Trichuriasis including prevention measures and management

• Guidance to pregnant women on proper cleaning and cooking of food
• Teaching on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Teaching/advice on Avoidance consuming or getting into contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Advice mothers on Proper waste disposal-Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Advice on Washing, peeling or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Advice on safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Promoting good nutrition for pregnant women

• Health education on risk factors for trichuriasis and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Guidance to parents on Proper cleaning and cooking of food for the under
• Teaching children on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices
• Teaching children on avoidance of consuming or getting into contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Guidance to children on Proper waste disposal-Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Guidance to parents to Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure before giving children
• Taking safety precautions for children like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Promoting good nutrition for children

• Health education on risk factors for trichuriasis and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Guidance to parents on proper cleaning and cooking of food for school age children
• Guidance to school age children on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Guidance on Avoidance of consuming or getting into contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal -Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel, or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Provide guidance on good nutrition for school age children
• Mass deworming for all school-age children through school health programs

• Health education for adolescents on Trichuriasis and prevention measures
• Adolescents education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human feaces
• Health workers education on Trichuriasis including prevention measures and management among the adolescents

• Health education to adults on Trichuriasis and prevention measures
• Adult education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces
• Awareness on effective sewerage disposal systems
• Health workers education on Trichuriasis including prevention measures and its management in adults

• Guidance for the adults on proper cleaning and cooking of food
• Guidance on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Guidance on Avoidance consuming or contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal-Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Provide guidance on good nutrition for adults

• Health education to elderly persons/families and communities on Trichuriasis and prevention measures
• Elderly persons education on personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces
• Awareness on effective sewerage disposal systems
• Health workers training on Trichiuris including its management and prevention measures

• Guidance for the elderly on proper cleaning and cooking of food
• Guidance on proper handwashing/good hand hygiene practices before handing food and after handling soil/manure
• Guidance on Avoidance consuming or contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feacal matter
• Proper waste disposal-Not passing stool in the soil or outdoors
• Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure
• Taking safety precautions like wearing gloves when handling soil/manure
• Provide guidance on good nutrition for the elderly

• create awareness on birth aspyxia
• Health Education to pregnanct women on birth asphyxia
• Health education to pregancnt women on the need for ANC
• promote eraly health seeking behaviour
• Educate pregnant women on the need for facility births attended by a skilled birth attendant
• Dstribution of IEC materails
• Strengten health workers knowledge on birth asphyxia including management

• Full assessment of all newborns with Apgar score
• Training of all delivery staff in neonatal resuscitation

• Health Education to pregnant women to create awareness on birth asphyxia
• Health education to pregnant women on the need for regular ANC follow up and skilled birth attendance
• Promote early health seeking behaviour
• Strengthen health workers knowledge on birth asphyxia including management

• Educate pregnant women to deliver at health facility by skilled birth attendant
• Full assessment of all newborn with Apgar score
• Monitoring quality of care and instituting remedial measures
• Timely referral for mothers
• Use partograph for labour monitoring.
• Ensure supportive 2nd stage management based on foetal and maternal condition.
• Manage pre-eclampsia correctly.

• Educate pregnant women on the need for facility births attended by a skilled birth attendant

• Full assessment of all newborns with Apgar score Complete examination of neonates for evidence of birth trauma
• Confirm spontaneous movement of all limbs and exclude the presence of any head swelling or skull depression

• Educate pregnant women on the need for facility births attended by a skilled birth attendant

• Check the mother for adequate pelvis, correlate maternal height to pelvis size and refer those in high risk

• Education of pregnant women on infant and child feeding

• Exclusive breastfeeding

• Educate mothers and families on ways of providing nutritious diets for children
• Educate on the benefits of cooking with iodized salt

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on good nutrition for women and importance of antenatal care when pregnant

• Provide antenatal services for all pregnant women
• Ensure that antenatal clients receive all the required services for their gestational age at each visit
• Provide postpartum family planning services

• Education on good nutrition for women and importance of antenatal care when pregnant
• Education on importance of regular medical checkups to ensure that women are in good health before embarking on a pregnancy
• Provide general medical check-up service for women who are considering a pregnancy

• Provide treatment for non-pregnant women who are found to have pre-existing medical conditions before becoming pregnant

• Education on good nutrition for women and importance of antenatal care when pregnant
• Provide general medical check-up service for women who are considering a pregnancy

• Provide treatment for non-pregnant women who are found to have pre-existing medical conditions before becoming pregnant/pre-conceptual treatmnet/services

• Educate mothers/fathers and caregivers on signs and symptoms of neonatal infection using job aides
• Educate mothers/fathers and community on importance of facility delivery, exclusive breastfeeding good hygienic practices, care of the umbilical cord and avoidance of harmful traditional birth practices

• Clean delivery practices and handwashing during delivery
• Appropriate cord care

• Educate mothers/fathers and caregivers on signs and symptoms of neonatal infection using job aides
• Educate mothers/fathers and community on importance of facility delivery, exclusive breastfeeding good hygienic practices, care of the umbilical cord and avoidance of harmful traditional birth practices

• Clean delivery practices and handwashing during delivery
• Appropriate cord care

• Education of pregnant women on infant and child feeding

• Health education on feeding, good hygiene practices and regular growth monitoring

• Group and focused counselling of mothers and carers on MIYCN- Early initiation of breastfeeding, appropriate and timely complementary feeding, food demonstrations.
• Improved sanitation and hygiene practices

• Health education on timely complementary feeding and good hygiene practices

• Group and focused counselling of mothers and carers on MIYCN
• Guidance on appropriate and timely complementary feeding, food demonstrations
• Improved sanitation and hygiene practices
• Growth monitoring and promotion

• Education of pregnant women on signs and symptoms of labor
• Education of pregnant women on what to do when signs and symptoms of labor occur
• Provision of antenatal care for all pregnant women with screening for pre-eclampsia and other risk factors for preterm labor

• Education of pregnant women on dangers of alcohol, smoking and use of recreational drugs during pregnancy
• Education of pregnant women and their families on birth preparation and complication readiness
• Early establishment of gestational age in all pregnancies to hospital for further management
• Referral of women in early stages of preterm labor to hospital for management and delivery

• Family involvement in the routine care of preterm or low-birth-weight infants in health-care facilities

• Identify high risk women
• Antibiotics for PROM
• Timely referral

• Education of pregnant women on infant and child feeding

• Exclusive breastfeeding

• Educate mothers and families on ways of providing nutritious diets for children and whole family using locally available foods with emphasis on Vitamin A rich foods

• Educate parents/ families on feeding of children through provision of practical examples using local foods with emphasis on Vitamin A rich foods Vitamin A supplementation for children under 5

• School- based education on nutritious diets
• Education of proprietors of schools on adding provision of one healthy meal to children in their facilities

• Prevent recurrent infections
• Immunization
• Periodic vitamin A supplementation

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Education on nutritious and healthy eating

• Dietary counselling on increasing dietary fibre and reducing red and processed food

• Health education on recognition of risk factors, signs and symptoms of colon and rectal caner

• Dietary counselling on increasing dietary fibre and reducing red and processed food

• Public education about dangers of smoking and alcohol use

• Public education about dangers of smoking and alcohol use

• Public education about dangers of smoking and alcohol use
• Referral of people with neck masses (cervical lymph node swelling) to hospital for further examination
• Referral of people with increasing hoarseness of voice to hospital for further assessment

• Educate primary health care providers to create awareness to identify cancer symptoms early

• Educate primary health care providers to create awareness to identify cancer symptoms early

• Educate primary health care providers to create awareness to identify cancer symptoms early

• Referral of people with persistent dyspepsia to hospital for assessment
• Referral of people with signs of liver disease to hospital for assessment
• Referral of people with abdominal masses to hospital for assessment
• Referral of people with weight loss to hospital for assessment

• Health education on recognition of risk factors, signs and symptoms of liver cancer and early treatment of chronic viral hepatitis

• Prompt treatment of chronic viral hepatitis

• Health education on early identification of signs and symptoms of respiratory tract cancers

• Not starting smoking, or to quitting smoke and avoiding second hand smoke
• Referral of people with cough, chest pain or weight loss to hospital for further assessment

• Health education on early identification of signs and symptoms of respiratory tract cancers

• Not starting smoking, or to quitting smoke and avoiding second hand smoke
• Referral of people with cough, chest pain or weight loss to hospital for further assessment

• Public education about ENT symptoms and need to report for examination with such symptoms

• Public education about ENT symptoms and need to report for examination with such symptoms
• Referral of people with neck masses (cervical lymph node swelling) to hospital for further examination
• Referral of people with persistent ENT symptoms to hospital

• Public education about ENT symptoms and need to report for examination with such symptoms

• Public education about ENT symptoms and need to report for examination with such symptoms
• Referral of people with neck masses (cervical lymph node swelling) to hospital for further examination
• Referral of people with persistent ENT symptoms to hospital

• Public education about dangers of smoking and alcohol use

• Public education about dangers of smoking and alcohol use
• Referral of people with neck masses (cervical lymph node swelling) to hospital for further examination
• Referral of people with difficulty swallowing to hospital for further assessment

• Health education on early identification of signs and symptoms of oesophageal cancer

• Guidance on health life style

• Health education on recognition of risk factors, signs and symptoms of stomach caner

• Prompt treatment of ulcers and infections especially H. pylori

• Health education on recognition of risk factors, signs and symptoms of stomach caner

• Prompt treatment of ulcers and infections especially H. pylori

• Clinical Breast Examinations (CBE) offered during all Primary Care visits
• Breast Ultrasound scans for investigating pathologies picked up from Clinical Breast Examinations

• Health education on prevention and management of breast cancer

• Keep a healthy life style: healthy weight, physically active, no alcoholic drink or in moderation, no smoking, eat vegetables and fruits and breast feed
• Guidance on self-observance and taking note of any unusual symptoms e.g., nipple discharge, skin change, pitting, breast mass

• Health education on prevention and management of breast cancer

• Regular symptomatic screening for breast diseases

• Create awareness on cervix-uteri cancer; including on risk factors and prevention measures
• Health and Wellness education on
• diet management,
• regular exercise, weight management,
• reduced exposure to radiation,
• reducing alcohol intake and
• avoiding smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke
• Reproductive health education on the benefit safe sex practices including use of condoms

• Guidance on primary prevention measures incluing :
• safe sex practices (use of condom)
• avoidance of smoking (benzyenes are known to damage the cervix)
• Guidance on self observance and taking note of any unusual symptoms eg bleeding between periods; abnormal discharge
• HPV vaccination Routine cervical cancer screening

• create awareness on cervix-uteri cancer; risk factors and prevention measures
• Health and Wellness education on;-
• diet management,
• regular exercise, weight management,
• reduced exposure to radiation,
• reducing alcohol intake and
• avoiding smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke
• Reproductive health education on the benefit safe sex practices including use of condoms

• Guidance on primary prevention measures incluing :
• Absitence from sex for the aldolesents or safe sex practices (use of condom)
• avoidance of smoking (benzyenes are known to damage the cervix)
• Guidance on self observance and taking note of any unusual symptoms eg bleeding between periods; abnormal discharge HPV vaccine

• Health education on prevention and management of cervical cancer

• Safe sexual practice
• Correct and consistent use of condoms
• HPV vaccination at earlier age
• Screening and treatment of precancerous lesions

• Health education on prevention and management of cervical cancer

• Safe sexual practice
• Correct and consistent use of condoms
• HPV vaccination at earlier age
• Screening and treatment of precancerous lesions

• Health education on early identification of malaria symptoms and early treatment

• Perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC)
• Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC)
• RTS, S Malaria vaccine
• Early identification and treatment of malaria
• Insecticide treated bed net for malaria cases

• Health education on early identification of malaria symptoms and early treatment

• Perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC)
• Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC)
• RTS, S Malaria vaccine
• Early identification and treatment of malaria
• Insecticide treated bed net for malaria cases

• Health education on early identification of malaria symptoms and early treatment

• Perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC)
• Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC)
• Early identification and treatment of malaria
• Insecticide treated bed net for malaria cases

• Health education on early identification of malaria symptoms and early treatment

• Early identification and treatment of malaria
• Insecticide treated bed net for malaria cases

• Community mobilization and engagement on malaria prevention and control
• Mass media campaign on malaria prevention and early treatment

• Guidance on the use of malaria prevention measures

• IEC for all age cohorts

• schistosomiasis,
• Hygiene

• Improvement in community Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ) for 12 -14-year olds and for those above, only for persons at risk whicjh may include groups with occupations involving contact with infested water, such as fishermen, farmers, irrigation workers, or women in their domestic tasks, to entire communities living in endemic areas
• Vector control

• It is recommended that pre-school children should be treated for schistosomiasis within child-health services where their weight is monitored, they are immunized, dewormed and given micronutrient supplements.

• Health education to parents, families and communities on NTDs prevention measures such as personal hygiene as well as proper disposal of human faeces including children fecal matter

• Periodical deworming to eliminate infecting worms,
• Health education to prevent re-infection,
• Access to safe water, adequate sanitation and hygiene
• Mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF), onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, trachoma, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections (ascariasis, hookworm, and trichuriasis)
• Monitor adverse events during MDA
• Counselling on to clean and disinfect commonly used surfaces

• IEC for all age cohorts

• Schistosomiasis,
• Hygiene

• Improvement in community Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ) for 12 -14-year olds and for those above, only for persons at risk whicjh may include groups with occupations involving contact with infested water, such as fishermen, farmers, irrigation workers,women in their domestic tasks, to entire communities living in endemic areas
• Vector control

• It is recommended that pre-school children should be treated for schistosomiasis within child-health services where their weight is monitored, they are immunized, dewormed and given micronutrient supplements.

• IEC for all age cohorts

• Schistosomiasis,
• Hygiene

• Mass drug administration with praziquentel

• IEC for all age cohorts

• Schistosomiasis,
• Hygiene

• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ) for 12 -14-year olds and for those above, only for persons at risk whicjh may include groups with occupations involving contact with infested water, such as fishermen, farmers, irrigation workers, or women in their domestic tasks, to entire communities living in endemic areas
• Vector control

• It is recommended that pre-school children should be treated for schistosomiasis within child-health services where their weight is monitored, they are immunized, dewormed and given micronutrient supplements

• IEC for all age cohorts

• Schistosomiasis,
• Hygiene

• Improvement in community Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ)
• Preventive chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ) for 12 -14-year olds and for those above, only for persons at risk whicjh may include groups with occupations involving contact with infested water, such as fishermen, farmers, irrigation workers or women in their domestic tasks, to entire communities living in endemic areas
• Vector control

• It is recommended that pre-school children should be treated for schistosomiasis within child-health services where their weight is monitored, they are immunized, dewormed and given micronutrient supplements

• Improved water sanitation and hygiene in the community

• Hygiene in the slaughtering of livestock (including the proper destruction of infected offal)

• Public education campaigns on prevention
  - Limit the areas where dogs are allowed
  - Prevent animals from consuming meat infected with cysts
  - Do not allow dogs to feed on rodents and other wild animals
  - Avoid contact with wild animals such as foxes, coyotes and stray dogs
  - Do not encourage wild animals to come close to your home or keep them as pets
  - Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep
  - Control stray dog populations
  - Restrict home slaughter of sheep and other livestock
  - Do not consume any food or water that may have been contaminated by fecal matter from dogs
  - Wash your hands with soap and warm water after handling dogs and before handling food
  - Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection
  - Periodic deworming of domestic carnivores (dogs etc.) with praziquantel (at least 4 times per
  - Vaccination of sheep with an E. granulosus recombinant antigen (EG95)
• A programme

• Improved water sanitation and hygiene in the community

• Hygiene in the slaughtering of livestock (including the proper destruction of infected offal)

• Public education campaigns on prevention
  - Limit the areas where dogs are allowed
  - Prevent animals from consuming meat infected with cysts
  - Do not allow dogs to feed on rodents and other wild animals
  - Avoid contact with wild animals such as foxes, coyotes and stray dogs
  - Do not encourage wild animals to come close to your home or keep them as pets
  - Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep
  - Control stray dog populations
  - Restrict home slaughter of sheep and other livestock
  - Do not consume any food or water that may have been contaminated by fecal matter from dogs
  - Wash your hands with soap and warm water after handling dogs and before handling food
  - Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection
  - Periodic deworming of domestic carnivores (dogs etc.) with praziquantel (at least 4 times per
  - Vaccination of sheep with an E. granulosus recombinant antigen (EG95)
• A programme

• Improved water sanitation and hygiene in the community

• Hygiene in the slaughtering of livestock (including the proper destruction of infected offal)

• Public education campaigns on prevention
  - Limit the areas where dogs are allowed
  - Prevent animals from consuming meat infected with cysts
  - Do not allow dogs to feed on rodents and other wild animals
  - Avoid contact with wild animals such as foxes, coyotes and stray dogs
  - Do not encourage wild animals to come close to your home or keep them as pets
  - Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep
  - Control stray dog populations
  - Restrict home slaughter of sheep and other livestock
  - Do not consume any food or water that may have been contaminated by fecal matter from dogs
  - Wash your hands with soap and warm water after handling dogs and before handling food
  - Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection
  - Periodic deworming of domestic carnivores (dogs etc.) with praziquantel (at least 4 times per
  - Vaccination of sheep with an E. granulosus recombinant antigen (EG95)
• A programme

• Public education campaigns on prevention
  - Limit the areas where dogs are allowed
  - Prevent animals from consuming meat infected with cysts
  - Do not allow dogs to feed on rodents and other wild animals
  - Avoid contact with wild animals such as foxes, coyotes and stray dogs
  - Do not encourage wild animals to come close to your home or keep them as pets
  - Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep
  - Control stray dog populations
  - Restrict home slaughter of sheep and other livestock
  - Do not consume any food or water that may have been contaminated by fecal matter from dogs
  - Wash your hands with soap and warm water after handling dogs and before handling food
  - Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection
  - Periodic deworming of domestic carnivores (dogs etc.) with praziquantel (at least 4 times per
  - Vaccination of sheep with an E. granulosus recombinant antigen (EG95)
• A programme

• Improved water sanitation and hygiene in the community

• Hygiene in the slaughtering of livestock (including the proper destruction of infected offal)

• Public education campaigns on prevention
  - Limit the areas where dogs are allowed
  - Prevent animals from consuming meat infected with cysts
  - Do not allow dogs to feed on rodents and other wild animals
  - Avoid contact with wild animals such as foxes, coyotes and stray dogs
  - Do not encourage wild animals to come close to your home or keep them as pets
  - Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep
  - Control stray dog populations
  - Restrict home slaughter of sheep and other livestock
  - Do not consume any food or water that may have been contaminated by fecal matter from dogs
  - Wash your hands with soap and warm water after handling dogs and before handling food
  - Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection
  - Periodic deworming of domestic carnivores (dogs etc.) with praziquantel (at least 4 times per
  - Vaccination of sheep with an E. granulosus recombinant antigen (EG95)
• A programme

• Guidance to the elderly persons on mental exercise including engagement in intellectual activities (reading, playing board games, completing crossword puzzles, playing musical instruments,
• Encourage the elderly persons to participate in regular social interaction
• Guidance on modifiable risk factors (healthy diet, physical exercise /physical activities, cessation of tobacco smoking and avoidance of secondary smoke, stopping alcohol, prevention of head injuries, sleep patterns)

• Regular patient education on staying active, identification of symptoms of dementia early

• Guidance and counselling on mental exercise including engagement in intellectual activities

• Create awareness on Asthma including prevention measures
• Create awareness on the possible triggers of asthma and how to avoid them
• Provide IEC materials on Asthma
• Health workers training on Asthma including prevention and management measures

• Guidance on Avoidance of asthma triggers including:

• indoor allergens (for example, house dust mites in bedding, carpets and stuffed furniture, pollution and pet dander)

• Outdoor allergens(such as pollens and moulds)

• Avoidance of tobacco smoking/cessation of smoking

• Avoidance of exposure to second hand smoke

• Avoidance of other triggers such as cold air, extreme emotional arousal such as anger or fear, and physical exercise.

• Avoidance of exposure to exhaust fumes or other types of pollution

• Avoidance of Exposure to occupational triggers, such as chemicals used in farming, hairdressing and manufacturing

• Weight control through proper diet and exercise

• Having an elaborate plan for living with asthma and preventing asthma attacks

• Taking medication as per prescription to prevent attack

• Vaccination against influenza and pneumonia as flu and pneumonia can trigger flare ups

• Effective Surveillance to map the magnitude of asthma, and monitoring trends

• Health education on triggers/ risk factors of asthma and preventive measures

• Avoidance of aeroallergen
• Avoidance of direct or passive exposure to cigarette smoke
• Vaccination against influenza and pneumonia

• Health education on triggers/ risk factors of asthma and preventive measures

• Avoidance of aeroallergen
• Avoidance of direct or passive exposure to cigarette smoke
• Vaccination against influenza and pneumonia

• Health education on triggers/ risk factors of asthma and preventive measures

• Avoidance of aeroallergen
• Avoidance of direct or passive exposure to cigarette smoke
• Vaccination: influenza
• Vaccination: pneumonia
• Vaccination: COVID

• Health education on triggers/ risk factors of asthma and preventive measures

• Avoidance of aeroallergen
• Avoidance of direct or passive exposure to cigarette smoke
• Vaccination: influenza
• Vaccination: pneumonia

• Health education on triggers/ risk factors of asthma and preventive measures

• Avoidance of indoor, outdoor asthma triggers and smoking
• Avoidance of exposure to exhaust fumes or other types of pollution
• Vaccination against influenza and pneumonia to prevent trigger flare ups

• Community education/awareness creation on ADHD
• Advocacy for ADHD including provision of services for persons with ADHD
• Health workers training on ADHD

• Physical exercise for the children
• Prevention of child abuse, neglect or social deprivation
• Awareness care on on prevention measures including:
• Reduction of exposure to Children to certain toxic substances, such industrial chemicals, organophosphate insecticides

• Community education/awareness creation on ADHD
• Advocacy for ADHD including provision of services for persons with ADHD
• Health workers training on ADHD

• Awareness caretion on prevention measures including:
• Reduction of exposure to Children to certain toxic substances, such industrial chemicals, organophosphate insecticides
• Prevention of child abuse, neglect or social deprivation
• Physical exercise for the school children

• Community education/awareness creation on ADHD
• Advocacy for ADHD including provision of services for persons with ADHD
• Health workers education on ADHD

• Awareness caretion on prevention measures including:
• Reduction of exposure to certain toxic substances, such industrial chemicals, organophosphate insecticides
• Prevention of child abuse, neglect or social deprivation
• Physical exercise for the adolescents

• Provision of information on neurodevelopmental disorders to the parents and family members
• Health workers on neurodevelopmental disorders including recognition of symptoms

• Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care
• Encourage child’s physical activity
• Proper nutrition for child

• Provision of information on autism spectrum disorder to the parents and family members

• Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care
• Encourage child’s physical activity
• Proper nutrition for child

• Awareness creation to mothers, families on eating disorders and how to prevent them
• Education to health workers on eating disorders, prevention measures and management

• Early identification and management of eating disorder among mothers
• Education/guidance to mothers on effective ways of coping with emotions
• Education and guidance to mothers on healthy exercises
• Guidance to mother on healthy balanced diets/healthy eating

• Awareness creation to children, families, school communities on eating disorders and how to prevent them

• Early identification of eating disorder among children
• Guidance/advice to children and their families on a healthy development before the occurrence of eating disorders.
• Guidance to children/parents/families on healthy balanced diets/healthy eating including body image
• Education to children on effective ways of coping with emotions
• Education and guidance to children on healthy physical exercises
• Guidance to children on coping with peer pressure

• Awareness creation to adolescents, families, school communities on eating disorders and how to prevent them
• Education to health workers on eating disorders, prevention measures and management

• Early identification and treatment of an eating disorder among adolescents
• Education to adolescents on effective ways of coping with emotions
• Education and guidance to adolescents on health exercises
• Guidance to adolescents on coping with peer pressure
• Guidance/advice to adolescents and their family on a healthy development before the occurrence of eating disorders.
• Guidance to adolescents on healthy balanced diets/healthy eating including body image

• Awareness creation to adults, families on eating disorders and how to prevent them
• Education to health workers on eating disorders, prevention measures and management

• Early identification and treatment of any eating disorder among adults
• Education to adults on effective ways of coping with emotions
• Education and guidance to adults on health exercises
• Guidance to adults on healthy balanced diets/healthy eating including body image

• Awareness creation to elderly, families on eating disorders and how to prevent them
• Education to health workers on eating disorders, prevention measures and management

• Early identification and treatment of an eating disorder among the elderly
• Education to elderly on effective ways of coping with emotions
• Education and guidance to elderly on health exercises
• Guidance to elderly on healthy balanced diets/healthy eating including body image

• Health education on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures
• Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma.

• Screening for pregnancy complications
• Prevention of perinatal injuries
• Effective treatment of febrile infections and head trauma
• Immunization
• Early and effective management of febrile convulsion

• Health education on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures
• Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma

• Screening for pregnancy complications
• Prevention of perinatal injuries
• Effective treatment of febrile infections and head trauma
• Immunization

• Health education on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures
• Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma.

• Effective treatment of febrile infections and head trauma

• Health education on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures
• Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma.

• Early identification and treatment for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral/bacterial infections
• Guidance and counselling on preventing head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy
• Guidance and counselling on avoiding seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, alcohol, etc.

• Advice on lifestyle factors to avoid and specific migraine triggers to reduce the frequency of attacks including;
• irregular or skipped meals
• irregular or too little sleep
• a stressful lifestyle
• excessive caffeine consumption
• lack of exercise
• obesity
• Encourage patients to participate actively in their treatment and to employ self-management principles including;
• self-monitoring to identify factors influencing migraine
• managing migraine triggers effectively
• pacing activity to avoid triggering or exacerbating migraine
• maintaining a lifestyle that does not worsen migraine
• practicing relaxation techniques
• maintaining good sleep hygiene
• developing stress management skills
• improving communication skills to talk effectively about pain with family and others

• Basic explanations information to parents/families on migraine headache, prevention measures and treatment.
• Health worker training on migraine, prevention , diagnosis and management

• Advice to parents on lifestyle factors that the child need to avoid or the migraine triggers to reduce the frequency of attacks including,
• Irregular or skipped meals,
• Irregular or too little sleep,
• A stressful lifestyle,
• lack of exercise
• obesity
• Encourage parents of the under 5 patients to participate actively in their treatment and to employ management principles including;
• Monitoring the child to identify factors influencing migraine
• Managing migraine triggers effectively
• Pacing activity to avoid triggering or exacerbating migraine
• Ensure the child has a lifestyle that does not worsen migraine
• Ensure the child relaxes enough
• Ensure the child has good sleep hygiene
• Help the child to develop stress management skills
• Using acute and prophylactic medication on the child appropriately

• Patient education on healthy behaviours; getting plenty of sleep, staying physically active, avoiding alcohol

• Lifestyle modifications
• Guidance on avoidance of headache triggers
• Healthy coping mechanisms

• Lifestyle modifications
• Guidance on avoidance of headache triggers
• Healthy coping mechanisms

• Advice on lifestyle factors to avoid and specific migraine triggers to reduce the frequency of attacks including,
• irregular or skipped meals,
• irregular or too little sleep,
• a stressful lifestyle,
• excessive caffeine consumption,
• lack of exercise,
• obesity
• Encourage patients to participate actively in their treatment and to employ self-management principles including;
• self-monitoring to identify factors influencing migraine
• managing migraine triggers effectively
• pacing activity to avoid triggering or exacerbating migraine
• maintaining a lifestyle that does not worsen migraine
• practicing relaxation techniques
• maintaining good sleep hygiene
• developing stress management skills
• improving communication skills to talk effectively about pain with family and others

• Education and awareness creation among mothers on hookworm disease including prevention measures
• Public health education about proper hygiene
• Awareness creation on improving sanitation including proper waste disposal to reduce the risk of infection
• Provision of IEC materials on hook worm disease
• Multisectoral approach in addressing the risk factors of hook worm dieses including improving sanitation, access to clean water and income status of communities
• Health workers education on hookworm disease, prevention measures and management

• Advice to pregnant women on use of safe Drinking water
• Advice to pregnant women on Properly cleaning and cooking food
• Guidance to pregnant women on practicing proper handwashing/hand hygiene
• Advice on use of barrier to prevent the skin from getting in contact with the soil especially in areas that may have feaces in the soil e.g. use of shoes, gloves when gardening
• Guidance on proper human waste

• Health education on risk factors for hook worm infection and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Deworming and iron supplementation

• Health education on risk factors for hook worm infection and preventive measures such as good sanitation and hygiene practice

• Deworming and iron supplementation

• Education and awareness creation among adolescents on hookworm disease including prevention measures
• Public health education about proper hygiene
• Awareness creation on improving sanitation including proper waste disposal to reduce the risk of infection
• Provision of IEC materials on hook worm disease
• Health workers training on hookworm disease; prevention measures and management
• Multisectoral approach in addressing the risk factors of hook worm dieses including improving sanitation, access to clean water and income status of communities

• Advice to adolescents on use of safe Drinking water
• Advice on Properly cleaning and cooking food
• Advice on use of barrier to prevent the skin from getting in contact with the soil especially in areas that may have feaces in the soil e.g. use of shoes, gloves when gardening
• Guidance to under 5s on proper handwashing /hand hygiene
• Guidance to parents/families on proper human waste including the children waste

• Education and awareness creation among adults/communities on hookworm disease including prevention measures
• Public health education about proper hygiene
• Awareness creation on improving sanitation including proper waste disposal to reduce the risk of infection
• Provision of IEC materials on hook worm disease
• Health workers training on hookworm disease, prevention measures and its management

• Advice to adults on use of safe Drinking water
• Advice on Properly cleaning and cooking food
• Advice on use of barrier to prevent the skin from getting in contact with the soil especially in areas that may have feaces in the soil e.g. use of shoes, gloves when gardening
• Guidance to under 5s on proper handwashing /hand hygiene
• Guidance to parents/families on proper human waste including the children waste

• Education and awareness creation to the elderly on hookworm disease including prevention measures
• Public health Education about proper hygiene
• Education on proper waste disposal to reduce the risk of hookworm infection
• Provision of IEC materials on hookworm disease
• Health workers training on hookworm disease, prevention measures and its management

• Advice to elderly on use of safe Drinking water
• Advice on Properly cleaning and cooking food
• Advice on use of barrier to prevent the skin from getting in contact with the soil especially in areas that may have feaces in the soil e.g. use of shoes, gloves when gardening
• Guidance to under 5s on proper handwashing /hand hygiene
• Guidance to parents/families on proper human waste including the children waste

• Awareness creation among the population on oral health including prevention of dental conditions that lead to loss of teeth
• Mass awareness campaigns on healthy lifestyles including on good nutrition
• Awareness creation on good oral hygiene
• Integration of oral health program into community health programmes.
• Multi-sectoral approach in provision of safe drinking water
• Health workers training oral health; prevention edentulism and its management

• Guidance on primary prevention measures
• Appropriate diet and good nutriton
• Practicing good oral hygiene
• Avoidance of tobacco smoking
• Advice on seeking treatment early for other dental conditions that lead to edentulism including dental caries, periodontal diseases, trauma and oral cancer.
• Avoidance of lifestyle behavior that affects general health such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption and poor dietary choices which are associated with increased risk of periodontal disease, dental caries which lead to edentulism.
• Outreach services to the community including essential oral health care

• Education to pregnant women on periodontal disease including prevention measures
• Information to pregnant women on the increased risk of developing pregnancy gingivitis and its prevention measures
• Health workers training on periodontal disease, prevention and management

• Guidance on good oral hygiene practices including brushing; flossing
• Guidance on avoidance of factors that predispose to periodontal disease including on the effect of smoking on their oral health and general health and assist them on smoking cessation.
• Advice/guidance on control of diabetes as Poorly controlled diabetes enhances the signs and symptoms of gingivitis and periodontitis
• Information and guidance to patient on the benefits of a healthy, balanced diet to their oral health including prevention of periodontal disease
• Encourage patients to modify other lifestyle factors that may impact on their oral health.
• Dental prophylaxis during pregnancy
• Screening pregnant women for periodontal disease at every routine examination.