Interventions for Autism and Asperger syndrome

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Age Cohort: < 5 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Provision of information on neurodevelopmental disorders to the parents and family members Families and community education to reduce stigma and discrimination Distribution of IEC materials on neurodevelopmental disorders Encourage a multi-sectoral approach to ensure children’s education and opportunities to engage and participate in their communities. Community health workers on neurodevelopmental disorders including recognition of symptoms	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child		Recognition of neurodevelopmental disorder symptoms Recognition of any other disorders that may be associated such as sleep disorder Referral to a health facility for management	Home based Physiotherapy support including physical exercises	Family psychosocial support/interactions to prevent other complications such as sleep disorders, anxiety
Primary Care
Provision of information on neurodevelopmental disorders to the parents and family members Health workers on neurodevelopmental disorders including recognition of symptoms	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child		Recognition of neurodevelopmental disorder symptoms Recognition of any other disorders that may be associated such as sleep disorder Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services	Physiotherapy support including physical exercises	Linkage with education sector to Promote access to educational facilities for the children Educational therapies/structured educational programs/skills training Linkage to other relevant sectors for economic support/empowerment for the parents and or caregivers Parental/care givers skills training programmes Social support for the child with autisms and their families psychological and pscyo-social support to parents and families of children with autism counselling Spiritual support Long term psychosocial support and care or the children with severe disabilities
Referral Facility: General
Provision of information on neurodevelopmental disorders to the parents and family members Health workers on neurodevelopmental disorders including recognition of symptoms	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child		Behaviour therapy Speech-language therapy Play-based therapy Physical therapy Occupational therapy Nutritional support Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services	Physiotherapy support including physical exercises Speech rehabilitation-speech therapy to improve communication skills	psychological and pscyo-social support to parents and families of children with autism counselling Spiritual support Social support for the child with autisms and their families Linkage with education sector to Promote access to educational facilities for the children Educational therapies. / structured educational programs /skills training Long term psychosocial support and care or the children with severe disabilities Linkage to other relevant sectors for economic support/empowerment for the parents and or caregivers Parental/care givers skills training programmes
Referral Facility: Specialist
Provision of information on neurodevelopmental disorders to the parents and family members Health workers on neurodevelopmental disorders including recognition of symptoms	Encourage family interactions to promote social skills and prevent other disorders such as anxiety disorders Encourage physical activity Guidance on Proper nutrition for child with autisms Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care		assessments of any developmental delays Behavior and communication therapies.eg to and reduce problem behaviors and teaching new skills. Family therapies. To promote social interactions skills speech therapy to improve communication skills, Occupational therapy to teach activities of daily living, physical therapy to improve movement and balance Psychological support /treatment to promote behavior.skills, Follow up and management of other medical and mental health conditions related to autism such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, anxiety and depression ; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)	Physiotherapy support including physical exercises Speech rehabilitation-speech therapy to improve communication skills	Social support for the child with autisms and their families psychological and pscyo-social support to parents and families of children with autism counselling Spiritual support Long term psychosocial support and care or the children with severe disabilities Linkage with education sector to Promote access to educational facilities for the children Linkages for Educational therapies/structured educational programs/skills training Linkage to other relevant sectors for economic support/empowerment for the parents and or caregivers Parental/care givers skills training programmes

Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness on autism spectrum disorder to the community Families and community education to reduce stigma and discrimination Encourage a multi-sectoral approach to ensure children’s education and opportunities to engage and participate in their communities.	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child	Recognition of autism spectrum disorder symptoms and signs	Behavioural therapy Referral to the next level health facility	Parental/care givers skills training programme Home based Physiotherapy Physical exercises	Community based Social support system for patient families Linkage with education sector to promote access to educational facilities Long term psychosocial support and care for the children with severe disabilities
Primary Care
Provision of information on autism spectrum disorder to the parents and family members	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child	History Physical examination Neurological exam ASD screening tests (e.g. DSM-5 and M-CHAT)	Behavioural therapy Referral to the next level health facility	Physiotherapy including physical exercises Speech and language therapy Social skills development training, Occupational therapy Sensory integration therapy	Community based Social support system for patient families Linkage with education sector to promote access to educational facilities Long term psychosocial support and care for the children with severe disabilities
Referral Facility: General
Provision of information on autism spectrum disorder to the parents and family members	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child	History Physical examination Neurological exam ASD screening tests (e.g. DSM-5 and M-CHAT)	Behavioural therapy Symptomatic Pharmacotherapy	Physiotherapy including physical exercises Speech and language therapy Social skills development training, Occupational therapy Sensory integration therapy	Community based Social support system for patient families Linkage with education sector to promote access to educational facilities Long term psychosocial support and care for the children with severe disabilities
Referral Facility: Specialist
Provision of information on autism spectrum disorder to the parents and family members	Monitoring of child development as part of routine maternal and child health care Encourage child’s physical activity Proper nutrition for child	History Physical examination Neurological exam ASD screening tests (e.g. DSM-5 and M-CHAT)	Behavioural therapy Symptomatic Pharmacotherapy	Physiotherapy including physical exercises Speech and language therapy Social skills development training, Occupational therapy Sensory integration therapy	Community based Social support system for patient families Linkage with education sector to promote access to educational facilities Long term psychosocial support and care for the children with severe disabilities