Interventions for Dental Caries

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Age Cohort: Pregnancy and newborn

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene through regular cleaning of teeth -tooth brushing and flossing Diet modification -use of low sugar diets Use of fluoridated tooth pastes Avoidance of tobacco use. Avoidance of alcohol use Screening for early detection of dental caries		Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating. holes in teeth Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Community dental outreaches services Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Early screening for dental caries Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs		Physical and clinical examination/assessment Referral to a hospital for further management Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses; gum inflammations Follow up
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Community dental outreaches Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Physical and clinical examination/assessment Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Investigations including dental x-rays Bitewngs Orthopantomography (OPG) Intra-oral Periapical (IOPA) Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses; gum inflammations Follow up

Age Cohort: < 5 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene through regular cleaning of teeth -tooth brushing and flossing Diet modification -use of low sugar diets Use of fluoridated tooth pastes Avoidance of tobacco use. Avoidance of alcohol use Screening for early detection of dental caries		Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating holes in teeth Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Early screening for dental caries		Oral Hygiene instructions Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses Referral to a hospital for further management
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up

Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community/school dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene through regular cleaning of teeth -tooth brushing and flossing Diet modification -use of low sugar diets Use of fluoridated tooth pastes Avoidance of tobacco use. Avoidance of alcohol use Screening for early detection of dental caries		Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating holes in teeth Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Early screening for dental caries		Oral Hygiene instructions Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses Referral to a hospital for further management
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Early screening for dental caries Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants

Age Cohort: 12 - 24 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community/school dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures			Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating.; holes in teeth Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Community dental outreaches services Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Early screening for dental caries		Oral Hygiene instructions Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses Referral to a hospital for further management
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures community dental outreaches Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up

Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene through regular cleaning of teeth -tooth brushing and flossing Diet modification -use of low sugar diets Use of fluoridated tooth pastes Avoidance of tobacco use. Avoidance of alcohol use Screening for early detection of dental caries		Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating holes in teeth Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Early screening for dental caries		Oral Hygiene instructions Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses Referral to a hospital for further management
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up	Provision of dentures
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up	Provision of dentures

Age Cohort: 60+ years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training community health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene through regular cleaning of teeth -tooth brushing and flossing Diet modification -use of low sugar diets Use of fluoridated tooth pastes Avoidance of tobacco use. Avoidance of alcohol use Screening for early detection of dental caries		Recognition of signs of dental caries including pain and difficulty with eating.; holes in teeth Pain relief with pain medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen Recognition of symptoms of complications of dental caries including swelling of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss and infection or abscess formation Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Early screening for dental caries		Oral Hygiene instructions Relieve of pain with analgesics Monitor any complications of caries including development of abscesses Monitor and manage for any complication such as gum inflammations and dental abscesses Referral to a hospital for further management
Referral Facility: General
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measuress	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up	Provision of dentures
Referral Facility: Specialist
Community awareness on dental caries and prevention measures Multi sectoral approach in addressing socio-cultural determinants such as poor living conditions Multi-sectoral approach in ensuring access to clean safe water Community water fluoridation Community dental outreach services Training health workers on dental caries including prevention measures	Oral hygiene education Advice on oral hygiene -teeth brushing and flossing Advice on healthy diets -avoidance of sugars Tobacco and alcohol cessation programs Application of topical fluorides/application of fluorides to prevent caries Application of sealants Early screening for dental caries		Investigations including dental x-rays Relieve of pain with analgesics Use of Local anesthetics, in some cases to relieve pain during or following treatment or to relieve anxiety during treatment. Use of topical fluoride to promote remineralization for small lesions Dental restorations -Dental fillings for carious lesions using amalgam or composite fillings Repair or replacement of fillings where necessary Dental extractions Endodontic therapy/Root canal treatment Use of Crown in extensive caries with little tooth structure left Monitor and manage any complication as a result of dental caries such as dental abscesses, gum inflammations Follow up	Provision of dentures