Interventions for Anxiety Disorders

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Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years
Health Promotion Disease Prevention Diagnostic Curative Rehabilitative Palliative
Community Level
  • Community awareness education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • Recognition of mental health disorder signs and symptoms
  • Basic psychosocial treatment
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Primary Care
  • Provision of IEC/BCC materials
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Structured interview schedules
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: General
  • Early detection and proper management
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Questionnaire
  • Complete blood count
  • Basic metabolic test
  • Thyroid function test
  • Electrocardiography
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers
Referral Facility: Specialist
  • Early detection and proper management
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Questionnaire
  • Complete blood count
  • Basic metabolic test
  • Thyroid function test
  • Electrocardiography
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Low-intensity versions of CBT
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
 
Age Cohort: 60+ years
Health Promotion Disease Prevention Diagnostic Curative Rehabilitative Palliative
Community Level
  • Community engagement [community sensitization on anxiety, healthy diets, exercise, stress reduction]
  • Education directed at elimination of stigmatization of people living with mental health conditions Provision of IEC/BCC materials
  • Encourage compliance with medications
  • Early recognition of the need for referral
Primary Care
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • Assessment for symptoms of anxiety
  • Referral to the next level for specialized mental health investigation
Referral Facility: General
  • Psychoeducation for patients and caregivers
  • Stress management training
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
Referral Facility: Specialist
  • Psychoeducation for patients and caregivers
  • Stress management training
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Low-intensity versions of CBT
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants
 
Age Cohort: 12 - 24 years
Health Promotion Disease Prevention Diagnostic Curative Rehabilitative Palliative
Community Level
  • Community awareness education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • Recognition of mental health disorder signs and symptoms
  • Basic psychosocial treatment
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Primary Care
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • Structured interview schedules
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: General
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and proper management
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS19)
  • Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS20)
  • Complete blood count
  • Basic metabolic test
  • Thyroid function test
  • Electrocardiography
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and proper management
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Structured interview schedules
  • Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for children and parents (ADIS-C/P)
  • Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)
  • Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS)
  • Complete blood count
  • Basic metabolic test
  • Thyroid function test
  • Electrocardiography
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Low-intensity versions of CBT
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
  • Mindfulness based cognitive behavioural therapy (MBCT)
  • Psychodynamic psychotherapy
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
 
Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years
Health Promotion Disease Prevention Diagnostic Curative Rehabilitative Palliative
Community Level
  • Community awareness education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and referral for proper management
  • Recognition of anxiety disorder signs and symptoms
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Primary Care
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and proper management
  • Structured interview schedules
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: General
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and proper management
  • Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS19)
  • Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS20)
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Referral for specialized mental health and other needed services
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
  • Health education on early detection and proper management to help decrease the possibility of anxiety disorder into adulthood
  • Early detection and proper management
  • Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for children and parents (ADIS-C/P)
  • Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)
  • Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS)
  • Individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
  • Low-intensity versions of CBT
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
  • Mindfulness based cognitive behavioural therapy (MBCT)
  • Psychodynamic psychotherapy
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin-nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI)
  • Tricyclic-Antidepressants
  • Physical exercise training
  • Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)