Interventions for Encephalitis

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Age Cohort: Pregnancy and newborn

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Mothers and families on encephalitis and prevention measures Information on ANC attendance Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition	Encourage ANC attendance		Recognition of features indicative of encephalitis including headaches, fever, nausea, vomiting,light sensitivity, mental confusion, muscle weakness, and stiff neck Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis as referral is awaited including Adequate Bed rest Provision of Plenty of fluids Use of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever - sponging, use of anti pyretics such as paracetamol Management of pain using pain mediaction such as paracetamol Referral of child suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest health facility	Community based rehabilitation Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills	Psycho-social support for pregnant women with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Primary Care
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g.dogs (rabies) Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Raining/sensitizing health workforce	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Physical examination/Clinical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: - Bed rest - Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Suction to remove secretions Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions Urgent referral of a pregnant woman suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referral downwards to communities for further/continued rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for pregnant women with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness to mothers on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for mothers Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services - Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests - lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens - Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as Computerized Tomography CT - MRI Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow up to manage any complications incluidng complications related to motor funations Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and function - Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and to communities for rehabilition	Psycho-social support for pregnant women with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness to mothers on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for mothers Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and to communities for rehabilition Follow up to manage any complications incluidng complications related to motor funations	Psycho-social support for pregnant women with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support

Age Cohort: < 5 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information to the communities on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. Dogs (rabies)	Childhood vaccinations against diseases-measles, mumps, rubella Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as * Parasites such as Ticks control			Community based rehabilitation Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Speech therapy	Psycho-social support for parents/families of children with encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Primary Care
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy livingAwareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g.dogs (rabies) Training/sensitizing health workforce	Childhood vaccinations against diseases -measles, mumps, rubella Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Clinical examination/Physical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including; Bed rest Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Suction to remove secretions Monitor for any danger signs e.g.lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions Urgent referral of a child suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referral downwards to communities for further/continued rehabilitation	Psycho-social support parents and families with children with encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness toparents/families on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for children Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance/advise to families on importance of immunisation for the children Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus), Parasites such as Ticks control Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management		Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests- lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture - Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Physical therapy to improve motor coordination anf function - Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Speech therapy Referral downwards to primary care facilities and to communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for parents /families of children with encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness toparents/families on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for children Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance /advise to families on importance of immunisation for the children Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Physical therapy to improve motor coordination anf function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and to communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for parents /families of children with encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Information to the communities on the importance of immunization for children Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Community health workers training on encehaplitis including on prevention measures	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Recognition of features indicative of encephalitis including Fever, Aches in muscles, weakness, fits (Seizures), Muscle weakness, Supportive and symptomatic management for school age children suspected to have encephalitis awaiting referral through: Bed rest Plenty of fluids Use of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever-sponging, use of anti pyretics Relieve pain/aches with analgesics such as paracetamol Urgent Referral of patient suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest health facility	Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Community based rehabilitation Speech therapy	Psycho-social support for school going age children with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Primary Care
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Training/sensitizing health workforce	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Clinical examination/Physical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: Bed rest Fluids therapy /Plenty of fluids Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs. Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Suction to remove secretions Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions Urgent referral of a child suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referral downwards to communities for further/continued rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for school going age children with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness to families and school going age children on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for children Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance /advise to families on importance of immunisation for the children Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Early recognition and Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Computerized Tomography CT Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention/or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as Computerized Tomography CT- MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility function Speech therapy Occupationla therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for school going age children with encephalitis and their parents and families encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness to families, school going age children on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for children Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance /advise to families on importance of immunisation for the children Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility function Speech therapy Occupationla therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for school going age children with encephalitis and their parents and families encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 12 - 24 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Information provision to the communities on the importance of immunization for children Awareness creation on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness creation/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Community health workers training on encehaplitis including on prevention measures	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Recognition of features indicative of encephalitis including Fever, Aches in muscles, weakness, fits (Seizures), Muscle weakness Supportive and symptomatic management for adolescents suspected to have encephalitis awaiting referral Supportive and symptomatic management for mild encephalitis - Bed rest - Plenty of fluids - Use of Anti-inflammatory drugs - Management of fever-sponging, use of anti pyretics - Relieve pain/aches with analgesics such as paracetamol Refer to the nearest health facility	Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Community based rehabilitation Speech therapy	Psycho-social support for adolescents and Youth with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Primary Care
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs rabies) Training/sensitizing health workforce	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus)Parasites such as Ticks control		Clinical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: Bed rest Fluids therapy /Plenty of fluids Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy, unconsciousness, convulsions Health workers education on first line management Referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals. Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility. Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills,Speech therapy. Referral downwards to communities for further/continued rehabilitation.	Psycho-social support for adolescents and youth with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness to the adolescents on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for adolescents and the youths Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Computerized Tomography CT Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Imaging such as Computerized Tomography CT - MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for adolescents and Youth with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness to the adolescents on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for adolescents and the youths Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately	Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities and communities for follow up and rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for adolescents and Youth with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness creation on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness creation/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Information provision to the communities on the importance of immunization for children Community health workers tarining on encehaplitis including on prevention measures	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Recognition of features indicative of encephalitis including Fever, Aches in muscles,weakness,fits (Seizures),Muscle weakness, Supportive and symptomatic management for the elderly suspected to have encephalitis awaiting referral including: Encourage plenty of rest- Bed rest Provision of Plenty of fluids Use of Anti-inflammatory drugs - Management of fever-sponging, use of anti pyretics - Relieve pain/aches with pain medicines such as paracetamol Urgent Referral of a patient suspected to have enephalitis to the nearest health facility	Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Community based rehabilitation Speech therapy	Psycho-social support for adults with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Primary Care
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness /education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Training/sensitizing health workforce	Vectors mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Clinical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: Bed rest Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Suction to remove secretions Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy; unconsciousness; convulsions Referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referal downwards to community level for further community based rehabilitatuon	Psycho-social support for adults with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support*
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness to adults on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for adults Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests - lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture - Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens - Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Physical and clinical examination Imaging such as: - Imaging such as Computerized Tomography CT - MRI Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and function - Speech therapy - Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Speech therapy Referral downwards to primary care facilities for rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for adults with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness to adults on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for adults Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Physical and clinical examination Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Referral downwards to primary care facilities for rehabilitation Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills	Psycho-social support for adults with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 60+ years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Awareness creation on good nutrition Provision of IEC materials Awareness creation/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Community health workers tarining on encehaplitis including on prevention measures	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Recognition of features indicative of encephalitis including Fever; Aches in muscles, weakness, fits (Seizures), Muscle weakness, Supportive and symptomatic management for the elderly suspected to have encephalitis awaiting referral including: Encourage plenty of rest- Bed rest Provision of Plenty of fluids Use of Anti-inflammatory drugs - Management of fever-sponging, use of anti pyretics - Relieve pain/aches with pain medicines such as paracetamol Urgent Referral of patients suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest health facility	Continued Rehabilitation at community level and follow up of patients referred backwards from the health facilities (those who may have had complications) Physical therapy to improve motor coordination Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Community based rehabilitation Speech therapy	Psycho-social support for elderly persons with encephalitis and their parents and families encephalitis Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Primary Care
Awareness/education on animal handling and animal health e.g. dogs (rabies) Create awareness to families and communities on the disease and prevention measures Information on the importance of immunization for children Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Training/sensitizing health workforceAwareness on good nutritionProvision of IEC materials Training/sensitizing health workforce	Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) Parasites such as Ticks control		Clinical examination Supportive and symptomatic management for encephalitis before urgent referral to hospital including: Bed rest Fluids therapy/Plenty of fluids Adminstration of Anti-inflammatory drugs Management of fever using anti pyretics Management if pain with analgesisc Suction to remove secretions Monitor for any danger signs e.g. lethargy; unconsciousness; convulsions Urgent referral of a pesron suspected to have encephalitis to the nearest hospital	Rehabilitation and follow up of patients referred backwards from the Hospitals Physical therapy to improve motor coordination and mobility Occupational therapy to develop everyday skills Referral downwards to communities for further/continued rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for elderly persons with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Creation of awareness to elderly on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for the elderly persons Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	Guidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Early recognition and treatment of encephalitis Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens - Serologic tests for Toxoplasma - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Imaging such as: - Computerized Tomography - CT - MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Physical therapy to improve motor coordination anf function - Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills Referral downwards to primary care facilities for rehabilitation	Psycho-social support for elderly persons with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills
Referral Facility: Specialist
Creation of awareness to elderly on encephalitis prevention measures Information/creation of awareness on healthy living Guidance on good nutrition for the elderly persons Training/sensitizing health workforce on encephalitis management	uidance on vector control eg Vectors/mosquitos control (as a carrier for some of the virus arbovirus) ; Parasites such as Ticks control		Physical and clinical examination Initiate anti-viral treatment immediately Initiate anti-microbial therapy including appropriate therapy for presumed bacterial meningitis (use antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis Initiate specific regimen after determining the etiology of encephalitis For Viral encephalitis use of antiviral treatment.e.g. for herpes simplex virus /Antiviral medications e.g. Acyclovir Antimicrobial therapy targeting the identified infectious agent, Supportive care for severe encephalitis including: * Breathing assistance, Intravenous fluids adminstration Anti-inflammatory drugs administration Administration of Anticonvulsant medications Admissions for persons with encephalitis Management of any complications Prevention /or management of shock or hypertension Prevention/Management of seizures Management of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ICU services Laboartory diagnostic interventions for Encephalitis including: Blood and urine tests lumbar puncture (LP) -CSF culture Blood cultures for bacterial pathogens Serologic tests for Toxoplasma Imaging such as: Computerized Tomography CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI	Follow-up therapy for complications of encephalitis Referral downwards to primary care facilities for rehabilitation Physical therapy to improve motor coordination anf function Speech therapy Occupational therapy to develop every day skills	Psycho-social support for elderly persons with encephalitis and their families Counselling Psycho- therapy to learn coping strategies and new behavioral skills Spiritual support