Interventions for Schizophrenia

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Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Community engagement [community sensitization on psychiatric disorders, healthy diets, exercise, stress management, healthy relationships] Education directed at elimination of stigmatization of people living with mental health conditions		Recognition of mental health disorders signs and symptoms	Psychoeducation Referral to the next level for specialized mental health investigation	Self-management education Physical exercise Social skills training	Emotional, social, spiritual assessment and support based on cultural needs, values and preferences of patients and families Linkage to address financial well-being of patients and family members
Primary Care
Educate patients on the importance of modifying risk factors such as healthier diets, physical activity, and smoking cessation	Guidance and counselling on medication compliance to prevent recurrence		Behavioural therapy Referral to the next level for specialized mental health investigation	Self-management education Physical exercise Social skills training	Emotional, social, spiritual assessment and support based on cultural needs, values and preferences of patients and families Linkage to address financial well-being of patients and family members
Referral Facility: General
	Early diagnosis and treatment Guidance and counselling on medication compliance to prevent recurrence	History Physical examination Psychiatric assessment Basic metabolic panel Thyroid function tests Fasting/Random blood sugar HIV test Syphilis test	Cognitive Therapy Individual psychotherapy Family therapy Group therapy/support groups “First-generation" antipsychotic “Second-generation" antipsychotic Psychosocial therapy	Self-management education Physical exercise Social skills training	Emotional, social, spiritual assessment and support based on cultural needs, values and preferences of patients and families Linkage to address financial well-being of patients and family members
Referral Facility: Specialist
	Early diagnosis and treatment Guidance and counselling on medication compliance to prevent recurrence	History Physical examination Psychiatric assessment Basic metabolic panel Thyroid function tests Fasting/Random blood sugar HIV test Syphilis test Electroencephalography (EEG) Computed tomography (CT) scan Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)	Cognitive Therapy Individual psychotherapy Family therapy Group therapy/support groups “First-generation" antipsychotic “Second-generation" antipsychotic Psychosocial therapy Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)	Self-management education Physical exercise Social skills training	Emotional, social, spiritual assessment and support based on cultural needs, values and preferences of patients and families Linkage to address financial well-being of patients and family members