Interventions for Idiopathic epilepsy

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Age Cohort: < 5 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Community Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management at community level	ANC attendance for adequate care and promoting health facilities deliveries to reduce possibility of new cases of seizures disorders including epilepsy caused by birth injury. Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral/bacterial infections and head trauma Education on prevention of infections Prevention of falls, drownings, burns * Vaccination of children to prevent diseases		Early recognition of signs of seizures disorders Relieve of any pain due to physical injuries as a result of seizures through use of pain medications First aid on any other complication due to seizures e.g. burns Referral to a health facility for management		Promote access to occupational opportunities/education
Primary Care
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	ANC attendance for adequate care and promoting health facilities deliveries to reduce possibility of new cases of seizures disorders including epilepsy caused by birth injury. Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral infections Education on prevention of infections Prevention of falls, drownings, burns * Vaccination of children to prevent diseases"		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Oral glucose Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Oral antiepileptics for epilepsy Oral antipyretics for seizures
Referral Facility: General
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	ANC attendance for adequate care and promoting health facilities deliveries to reduce possibility of new cases of seizures disorders including epilepsy caused by birth injury. Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral infections Education on prevention of infections Prevention of falls, drownings, burns * Vaccination of children to prevent diseases		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Basic laboratory tests Lumbar puncture Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Oral glucose Intramuscular benzodiazepines for seizures Oral antiepileptics for epilepsy Oral antipyretics for seizures Intravenous benzodiazepines for seizures Intravenous glucose for seizures Laboratory test to monitor therapeutic drug level		Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	ANC attendance for adequate care and promoting health facilities deliveries to reduce possibility of new cases of seizures disorders including epilepsy caused by birth injury. Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral infections Education on prevention of infections Prevention of falls, drownings, burns * Vaccination of children to prevent diseases		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Basic laboratory tests Lumbar puncture Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Oral glucose Intramuscular benzodiazepines for seizures Oral antiepileptics for epilepsy Oral antipyretics for seizures Intravenous benzodiazepines for seizures Intravenous glucose for seizures Laboratory test to monitor therapeutic drug level		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Basic laboratory tests Electrocardiogram (ECG) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Computed tomography (CT) scan Lumbar puncture Electroencephalography (EEG) Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers) Oral glucose Intramuscular benzodiazepines for seizures Oral antiepileptics for epilepsy Oral antipyretics for seizures Intravenous benzodiazepines for seizures Intravenous glucose for seizures Epilepsy surgery Laboratory test to monitor therapeutic drug level

Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g., falls, burns and promote access to education Community Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management at community level	Adequate perinatal care to reduce new cases of epilepsy caused by birth injury Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Complete vaccination of children to prevent diseases and infections		Early recognition of signs of seizures disorders Relieve of any pain due to physical injuries as a result of seizures through use of pain medications First aid on any other complication due to seizures e.g., burns Referral to a health facility for management		Promote access to occupational opportunities/education
Primary Care
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	Adequate perinatal care to reduce new cases of epilepsy caused by birth injury Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Complete vaccination of children to prevent diseases and infections		History and physical examination for epilepsy Anti-seizure medications (ASMs)
Referral Facility: General
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	Adequate perinatal care to reduce new cases of epilepsy caused by birth injury Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Complete vaccination of children to prevent diseases and infections		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Special diet (ketogenic diet) Basic laboratory tests Lumbar puncture Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Monitor therapeutic drug level		Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
Provide information and Awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma. Multi-sectoral approach to reduce incidences of trauma e.g. falls, burns and promote access to education Health workers education on seizures disorders including epilepsy on signs and symptoms, preventive measures and it management	Adequate perinatal care to reduce new cases of epilepsy caused by birth injury Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Complete vaccination of children to prevent diseases and infections		History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Basic laboratory tests Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Computed tomography (CT) scan Lumbar puncture Electroencephalography (EEG) Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Special diet (ketogenic diet) Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Monitor therapeutic drug level Vagus nerve stimulation therapy Surgery for poorly responding to ASMs

Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Provide information and awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent stigma and discrimination	Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Knowing and avoiding seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, alcohol, flashing lights, stress, etc		Early recognition of signs of seizures disorders Relieve of any pain due to physical injuries as a result of seizures through use of pain management First aid on any other complication due to seizures e.g., burns Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Provide information and awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent stigma and discrimination	Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Knowing and avoiding seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, alcohol, flashing lights, stress, etc		History and physical examination for epilepsy Anti-seizure medications (ASMs)
Referral Facility: General
			History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Special diet (ketogenic diet) Basic laboratory tests Lumbar puncture Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Monitor therapeutic drug level		Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
			History and physical examination for epilepsy Point of care testing Basic laboratory tests Advanced imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Computed tomography (CT) scan Lumbar puncture Electroencephalography (EEG) Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Special diet (ketogenic diet) Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Monitor therapeutic drug level Vagus nerve stimulation therapy Surgery for poorly responding to ASMs

Age Cohort: 60+ years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Information and awareness creation on seizures disorders including epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma Mobilize organizations and community groups to raise epilepsy awareness and support people with epilepsy and their families	Prevention and seeking treatment early for febrile infections such as malaria, other viral/bacterial infections Prevent head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Knowing and avoiding seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, alcohol, flashing lights, stress, etc		Early recognition of signs of seizures disorders Relieve of any pain due to physical injuries as a result of seizures through use of pain management First aid on any other complication due to seizures e.g. burns Referral to a health facility for management
Primary Care
Provide information and awareness creation on seizures disorders including Epilepsy, its recognition and prevention measures Education to prevent misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma.	Early identification and treatment for febrile infections such as malaria and other viral/bacterial infections Guidance and counselling on preventing head injury to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy Guidance and counselling on avoiding seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, alcohol, flashing lights, stress, etc		First aid Antiepileptic medications Basic psychosocial treatment
Referral Facility: General
			Condition specific nutrition assessment and counselling Anti-epileptic medications Special diet (ketogenic diet) Monitor therapeutic drug level		Psychoeducation and psychosocial support (including for patient’s carers)
Referral Facility: Specialist
			Anti-epilepsy medications Special diet (ketogenic diet) Monitor therapeutic drug level Vagus nerve stimulation therapy Surgery for poorly responding to antiepileptics Deep brain stimulation