Interventions for COVID-19

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Age Cohort: 12 - 24 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
	Screening of vulnerable groups Active case finding in the community Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Promote vaccination for travelers where applicable surveillance and testing Recording and reporting Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance Community Quarantine facilities Community based isolation centers Notification				Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Counselling support Spiritual support
Primary Care
Health Education on COVID-19 disease Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Promoting vaccination Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination for protection against diseases through. Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of proof of vaccination for PHEICs in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR), Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Surveillance Screening incoming and out-going travelers for COVID -19 ( a public health emergencies of international concern) Proper Infection Prevention measures (IPC) Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) eg personal medical masks,gown,gloves, eye protection Provision of points of entry isolation of ill travelers (including Port Health) Quarantine at health centers Isolation of COVID-19 patients. Recording and reporting COVID-19 to health departments			Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Spiritual support	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Health Education on COVID -19 disease Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Promoting vaccination Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management	Vaccination for life-long protection Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage Vaccination for travelers Conduct disease surveillance Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR) Proper Infection Prevention and control (IPC) measures Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Recording and reporting on to the next level Notification Isolation of persons with COVID-19 disease		Physical examination Perform triage and clinical assessment,Check vital signs,temperature, respiratory rate,pulse, blood pressure, mental status (AVPU) and pulse oximetry. Supportive treatment aimed at relieving symptoms including Relive pain and fever Monitoring and specific management of the disease depending on the severity Management of airways for patient with severe disease Oxygen therapy for patient with severe disease Medication for patient with severe or critical covid-19 including administration of corticosteroids,anti coagulants Blood pressure control Blood sugar monitoring and control Antibiotics for any secondary bacterial infections Management for any complication due to AEFI Referral to a specialised hospital for ICU services for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in cases of respiratory complications Follow up Diagnostics /investigations Polymerase Chain reaction test (PCR test) for COVID Blood test Chest Xrays Ultra-sound	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers counselling for patients with COVID-19 and their families Spiritual support
Referral Facility: Specialist
Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Health Education on COVID -19 disease Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Promoting vaccination	Conduct disease surveillance Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of vaccine in line Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Recording and reporting on to the next level Isolation of persons with COVID-19 disease Notification Vaccination for life-long protection Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage Vaccination for travelers		Physical examination Perform triage and clinical assessment,Check vital signs,temperature, respiratory rate,pulse, blood pressure, mental status (AVPU) and pulse oximetry. Supportive treatment aimed at relieving symptoms including Relive pain and fever Monitoring and specific management of the disease depending on the severity Management of airways for patient with severe disease Oxygen therapy for patient with severe disease Medication for patient with severe or critical covid-19 including administration of corticosteroids,anti coagulants Blood pressure control Blood sugar monitoring and control Antibiotics for any secondary bacterial infections Management for any complication due to AEFI Dialysis for kidney failure ICU services for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in cases of respiratory complications Follow up Diagnostics /invetsigations Polymerase Chain reaction test (PCR test) for COVID Blood test Chest Xrays CT scan Ultra-sound	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers counselling for patients with COVID-19 and their families Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 25 - 59 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Screening of vulnerable groups Active case finding in the community Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Promote vaccination for travelers where applicable surveillance and testing Recording and reporting Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance Community Quarantine facilities Community based isolation centers Notification Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.		Surveillance and Point of care test Community Quarantine Eating balanced diet Isolation and referral to next level	Home based self management rehabilitation	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Counselling support Spiritual support
Primary Care
Health Education on COVID-19 disease Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Promoting vaccination Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination for protection against diseases through. Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of proof of vaccination for PHEICs in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR), Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Surveillance Screening incoming and out-going travelers for COVID -19 ( a public health emergencies of international concern) Proper Infection Prevention measures (IPC) Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) eg personal medical masks,gown,gloves, eye protection Provision of points of entry isolation of ill travelers (including Port Health) Quarantine at health centers Isolation of COVID-19 patients. Recording and reporting COVID-19 to health departments Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.			Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Spiritual support Addition of person-centered care services to usual care in chronic heart failure or COPD for individualised health plan	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers Spiritual support
Referral Facility: General
Health Education on COVID -19 disease Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Promoting vaccination Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccination for life-long protection Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage Vaccination for travelers Conduct disease surveillance Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR) Proper Infection Prevention and control (IPC) measures Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Recording and reporting on to the next level Notification Isolation of persons with COVID-19 disease Screening and treatment of CVD risk factors		Physical examination Perform triage and clinical assessment,Check vital signs,temperature, respiratory rate,pulse, blood pressure, mental status (AVPU) and pulse oximetry. Supportive treatment aimed at relieving symptoms including Relive pain and fever Monitoring and specific management of the disease depending on the severity Management of airways for patient with severe disease Oxygen therapy for patient with severe disease Medication for patient with severe or critical covid-19 including administration of corticosteroids,anti coagulants Blood pressure control Blood sugar monitoring and control Antibiotics for any secondary bacterial infections Management for any complication due to AEFI Referral to specilised hospitals for ICU services for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in cases of respiratory complications Follow up Diagnostics /investigations Polymerase Chain reaction test (PCR test) for COVID Blood test Chest Xrays Ultra-sound History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises Pulmonary rehabilitation for post-pneumonia	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers counselling for patients with COVID-19 and their families Spiritual support
Referral Facility: Specialist
Health Education on COVID -19 disease Awareness creation including on transmission and prevention measures Promoting vaccination Promoting Multi sectoral approach in control of COVID-19 Distribution of IEC materials Health workers training on COVID-19 including its prevention and management Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccination for life-long protection Mass vaccination campaigns designed to increase coverage Vaccination for travelers Conduct disease surveillance Requirement for travelers to provide certificate of vaccine in line with the International Health Regulations (IHR) Proper Infection Prevention and control (IPC) measures Monitoring and reporting on Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Recording and reporting on to the next level Notification Isolation of persons with COVID-19 disease Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Active case finding in the community Education on infection prevention control, including cough etiquette		Physical examination Perform triage and clinical assessment,Check vital signs,temperature, respiratory rate,pulse, blood pressure, mental status (AVPU) and pulse oximetry. Supportive treatment aimed at relieving symptoms including Relive pain and fever Monitoring and specific management of the disease depending on the severity Management of airways for patient with severe disease Oxygen therapy for patient with severe disease Medication for patient with severe or critical covid-19 including administration of corticosteroids,anti coagulants Blood pressure control Blood sugar monitoring and control Antibiotics for any secondary bacterial infections Management for any complication due to AEFI Dialysis for kidney failure ICU services for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in cases of respiratory complications Diagnostics /investigations Polymerase Chain reaction test (PCR test) for COVID Blood test Chest Xrays CT scan Ultra-sound History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers counselling for patients with COVID-19 and their families Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 60+ years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.		Surveillance and Point of care test Community Quarantine Eating balanced diet Isolation and referral to next level
Primary Care
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.		Surveillance and testing Community Quarantine Eating balanced diet Isolation and referral to next level	Home based care Physical exercises
Referral Facility: General
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Active case finding in the community Education on infection prevention control, including cough etiquette		History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises	Pulmonary rehabilitation for post-pneumonia
Referral Facility: Specialist
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Active case finding in the community Education on infection prevention control, including cough etiquette		History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators	Physiotherapy services Physical exercises	Psychosocial support to patient and family members/care givers counselling for patients with COVID-19 and their families Spiritual support

Age Cohort: 5 - 11 years

Health Promotion	Disease Prevention	Diagnostic	Curative	Rehabilitative	Palliative
Community Level
Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.		Surveillance and Point of care test Community Quarantine Eating balanced diet Isolation and referral to next level
Primary Care
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Vaccine: COVID 19 Wash hands with running water and soap following all contact with sick persons or their immediate environment. Avoid direct contact with body fluids, particularly oral or respiratory secretions or stool of the patient. Avoid sharing toothbrushes, eating utensils, dishes, drinks, towels, washcloths or bed linen with the sick person. Persons with symptoms should remain at home until their symptoms are resolved based on either clinical and/or laboratory findings. All household members should be considered contacts and their health should be monitored. Keep physical distance of at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings		Surveillance and testing Community Quarantine Eating balanced diet Isolation and referral to next level
Referral Facility: General
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Active case finding in the community Education on infection prevention control, including cough etiquette		History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators		Pulmonary rehabilitation for post-pneumonia
Referral Facility: Specialist
Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance	Conduct routine and mass Vaccination Active case finding in the community Education on infection prevention control, including cough etiquette		History and physical examination Clinical assessment for early recognition of need for referral Advanced laboratory tests Basic laboratory tests Supplemental oxygen Basic imaging (Ultrasound, X-ray) Treat bacterial infections with antibiotics Oral or IV fluid for rehydration Oral or IM antipyretics Oral or IV or IM steroids Manage complications such as liver and kidney failure Mechanical ventilation (non-invasive) Antiviral medications Immunomodulators	Screening of vulnerable groups Promote hand washing facilities Promote use of face masks Promote maintenance of physical and social distance